Figure 6. Effects of insulin and/or hCG on adipose tissue distribution, morphological changes, and gene and protein expression in the rat adipose tissue.
Comparison of total fat depots (A), and the ratio of total fat depots to body weight (B). Total fat depots include inguinal, parametrical, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric fat portions. Data in A–B are means of n = 12/group ± SEM. Relative protein (C) and mRNA (E) levels of the phosphorylation of Akt and activated inflammatory factors were determined by Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR. For immunoblotting quantification, total proteins served as the loading control. Data in C represent means of n = 9/group ± SEM, and data in E are means of n = 6/group ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. H&E staining of mesenteric fat tissue sections (D) indicates that “crown like” structures are present in rats treated with insulin and hCG (solid bold arrows). Scale bars are indicated in the photomicrographs.