Figure 1.
U.S. EPA Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) battery of 11 Tier 1 screening assays for activity and Tier 2 tests for identifying dose–response relationships and adverse effectsa. Screening and testing data are interpreted for each endocrine pathway, although intact animal in vivo responses may involve multiple end points and pathways. Levels of biological complexity from molecular interactions through to populations are represented by the Tier 1 and Tier 2 screens and tests, consistent with an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework. A+, androgenic; A–, antiandrogenic; E+, estrogenic; E–, antiestrogenic; HPT axis, hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis.
For more detail about specific test methods and protocols, refer to EDSP test guidelines (https://www.epa.gov/test-guidelines-pesticides-and-toxic-substances/series-890-endocrine-disruptor-screening-program).
aEPA test guidelines harmonized through the OECD.