Table 5.
Adjusted associations between phenols, phthalate metabolites and dichotomized Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores at 5 y ( or 458 mother–son pairs, depending of the subscale).
| Emotional symptoms | Conduct problems | Peer relationship problems | Hyperactivity–inattention problems | Prosocial behavior | Externalizing behavior | Internalizing behavior | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Phenols | ||||||||||||||
| 0.99 | (0.87, 1.12) | 0.94 | (0.80, 1.10) | 0.94 | (0.79, 1.11) | 1.10 | (0.97, 1.24) | 1.01 | (0.87, 1.18) | 1.05 | (0.93, 1.18) | 0.94 | (0.83, 1.07) | |
| Bisphenol A | 1.04 | (0.80, 1.36) | 1.04 | (0.76, 1.41) | 1.10 | (0.80, 1.50) | 1.40 | (1.08, 1.82)** | 1.09 | (0.80, 1.47) | 1.20 | (0.93, 1.54) | 1.00 | (0.96, 1.10) |
| Benzophenone-3 | 0.93 | (0.82, 1.05) | 1.00 | (0.87, 1.16) | 0.99 | (0.86, 1.14) | 1.05 | (0.93, 1.19) | 1.05 | (0.91, 1.20) | 1.06 | (0.95, 1.18) | 0.97 | (0.95, 1.01) |
| Triclosan | 1.08 | (1.00, 1.18)* | 1.06 | (0.96, 1.17) | 1.10 | (0.99, 1.22)* | 1.01 | (0.93, 1.09) | 1.00 | (0.91, 1.09) | 1.00 | (0.93, 1.08) | 1.07 | (0.99, 1.03) |
| 0.95 | (0.84, 1.08) | 0.96 | (0.82, 1.11) | 1.01 | (0.87, 1.18) | 0.98 | (0.86, 1.12) | 0.97 | (0.84, 1.13) | 1.01 | (0.89, 1.14) | 0.96 | (0.96, 1.02) | |
| Phthalates | ||||||||||||||
| MEP | 1.16 | (0.97, 1.39)* | 1.13 | (0.92, 1.38) | 1.02 | (0.82, 1.27) | 1.05 | (0.87, 1.27) | 0.79 | (0.63, 1.00)** | 1.08 | (0.91, 1.29) | 0.93 | (0.95, 1.04) |
| MnBP | 1.02 | (0.85, 1.23) | 1.06 | (0.85, 1.31) | 1.24 | (1.01, 1.52)** | 1.03 | (0.85, 1.25) | 0.87 | (0.68, 1.10) | 1.04 | (0.86, 1.25) | 1.14 | (0.97, 1.07) |
| MiBP | 1.01 | (0.79, 1.29) | 1.02 | (0.77, 1.35) | 1.05 | (0.79, 1.41) | 0.95 | (0.74, 1.23) | 1.02 | (0.75, 1.38) | 1.00 | (0.79, 1.27) | 0.97 | (0.92, 1.05) |
| MCPP | 1.01 | (0.79, 1.29) | 1.07 | (0.81, 1.43) | 1.20 | (0.91, 1.58) | 0.98 | (0.75, 1.27) | 0.86 | (0.63, 1.17) | 1.04 | (0.81, 1.33) | 1.16 | (0.95, 1.08) |
| MBzP | 1.06 | (0.87, 1.29) | 1.02 | (0.81, 1.29) | 0.96 | (0.75, 1.22) | 1.02 | (0.83, 1.25) | 0.79 | (0.61, 1.03)* | 0.91 | (0.75, 1.12) | 1.04 | (0.97, 1.08) |
| MCOP | 1.15 | (0.91, 1.45) | 0.93 | (0.70, 1.23) | 1.03 | (0.78, 1.36) | 1.23 | (0.97, 1.56) | 0.88 | (0.66, 1.17) | 1.03 | (0.82, 1.30) | 1.09 | (0.96, 1.09) |
| MCNP | 1.01 | (0.81, 1.25) | 0.90 | (0.68, 1.18) | 0.99 | (0.76, 1.28) | 1.02 | (0.82, 1.28) | 1.06 | (0.84, 1.35) | 1.00 | (0.80, 1.24) | 1.04 | (0.98, 1.09) |
| 1.08 | (0.85, 1.36) | 0.99 | (0.74, 1.31) | 1.18 | (0.90, 1.55) | 1.07 | (0.84, 1.36) | 0.79 | (0.59, 1.07) | 1.05 | (0.83, 1.32) | 1.15 | (0.95, 1.08) | |
Note: CI, confidence interval; , molecular sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites; , molecular sum of 2,4 and 2,5-dichlorophenols; MBzP, monobenzyl phthalate; MCNP, monocarboxynonyl phthalate; MCOP, monocarboxyoctyl phthalate; MCPP, mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate; MEP, monoethyl phthalate; MiBP, mono-isobutyl phthalate; MnBP, mono-n-butyl phthalate; OR, odds ratio; , molecular sum of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl parabens. Associations adjusted for recruitment center, maternal age, parity, parental education, breastfeeding duration, household income, smoking status, maternal psychological difficulties during pregnancy, and child age at assessment. IRRs are reported for a doubling in biomarkers concentrations.
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