Table 4.

Multivariate regression models: unadjusted and adjusted differences in GCI and IQ per $0.5\mathrm{mg}/\mathrm{L}$ higher maternal creatinine-adjusted urinary fluoride (${\text{MUF}}_{\text{cr}}$).

Estimate	GCI			IQ
	$n$	$\mathrm{\beta }$ (95%CI)	$p-\text{Value}$	$n$	$\mathrm{\beta }\pm \mathrm{S}.\mathrm{E}$ (95%CI)	$p-\text{Value}$
Unadjusted	287	$-3.76$ ($-6.32$, $-1.19$)	$<0.01$	211	$-2.37$ ($-4.45$, $-0.29$)	0.03
model Aa	287	$-3.15$ ($-5.42$, $-0.87$)	0.01	211	$-2.50$ ($-4.12$, $-0.59$)	0.01
$\text{Model}\text{A}-\text{HOME}$	138	$-3.63$ ($-6.48$, $-0.78$)	$<0.01$	124	$-2.36$ ($-4.48$, $-0.24$)	0.03
$\text{Model}\text{A}+\text{HOME}$	138	$-3.76$ ($-7.08$, $-0.45$)	0.03	124	$-2.49$ ($-4.65$, $-0.33$)	0.02
$\text{Model}\text{A}-{\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$				189	$-1.79$ ($-3.80$, 0.22)	0.08
$\text{Model}\text{A}+{\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$				189	$-1.73$ ($-3.75$, 0.29)	0.09
$\text{Model}\mathrm{A}-\text{SES}$	188	$-4.55$ ($-7.23$, $-1.88$)	0.01	199	$-2.10$ ($-4.02$, $-0.18$)	0.03
$\text{Model}\text{A}+\text{SES}$	188	$-4.45$ ($-7.08$, $-1.81$)	0.01	199	$-2.10$ ($-4.06$, $-0.15$)	0.04
$\text{Model}\text{A}-\mathrm{Pb}$	167	$-5.57$ ($-8.48$, $-2.66$)	$<0.01$	177	$-3.21$ ($-5.17$, $-1.24$)	$<0.01$
$\text{Model}\text{A}+\mathrm{Pb}$	167	$-5.63$ ($-8.53$, $-2.72$)	$<0.01$	177	$-3.22$ ($-5.18$, $-1.25$)	$<0.01$
$\text{Model}\text{A}-\mathrm{Hg}$	141	$-7.13$ ($-10.26$, $-4.01$)	$<0.01$	149	$-4.59$ ($-7.00$, $-2.17$)	$<0.01$
$\text{Model}\text{A}+\mathrm{Hg}$	141	$-7.03$ ($-10.19$, $-3.88$)	$<0.01$	149	$-4.58$ ($-6.99$, $-2.16$)	$<0.01$
$\text{Model}\text{A}-\mathrm{Ca}$	194	$-3.67$ ($-6.57,$$-0.77$)	0.01	136	$-3.23$ ($-5.88,$$-0.57$)	0.02

^aCoefficients from linear regression models adjusted for gestational age, weight at birth, sex, parity (being the first child), age at outcome measurement, and maternal characteristics including smoking history (ever smoked during the pregnancy vs. nonsmoker), marital status (married vs. others), age at delivery, IQ, education, and cohort (Cohort 3-Ca, Cohort 3-placebo and Cohort 2A). $\text{Model}\text{A}–\text{HOME}$, model A for subset of cases who have data on Home Observation for the Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scores (but the model did not include HOME score). $\text{Model}\text{A}+\text{HOME}$, model A for subset of cases with HOME score, adjusted for HOME score. $\text{Model}\text{A}-{\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$, model A for subset of cases who have data on child contemporaneous specific gravity–adjusted urinary fluoride ${\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$ (but the model did not include ${\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$). $\text{Model}\text{A}+{\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$, model A for subset of cases with ${\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$, adjusted for ${\text{CUF}}_{\text{sg}}$. $\text{Model}\text{A}-\text{SES}$, model A for subset of cases who have data on socioeconomic status (family possession measured by questionnaire of family possessions) (but the model did not include SES). $\text{Model}\text{A}+\text{SES}$, model A for subset of cases with SES data, adjusted for SES. $\text{Model}\text{A}–\text{Pb}$, model A for subset of cases who have data on maternal bone lead (but the model did not include maternal bone lead). $\text{Model}\text{A}+\text{Pb}$, model A for subset of cases with data on maternal bone lead, adjusted for maternal bone lead. $\text{Model}\text{A}-\text{Hg}$, model A for subset of cases who have data on maternal blood mercury (but the model did not include maternal blood mercury). $\text{Model}\text{A}+\text{Hg}$, model A for subset of cases who have data on maternal blood mercury, adjusted for maternal blood mercury. $\text{Model}\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{Ca}$, model A for subset of cases who did not receive the Ca supplement (they received the placebo).