. 2017 Sep 13;125(9):097010. doi: 10.1289/EHP849

Table 4.

Preintervention to postintervention mean changes (95% CI) for treatments relative to placebo, adjusted for age, gender and indoor particulate matter ( $n = 114$ participants).

Outcome	Adjusted for age, gender, ${PM}_{2.5}$ ^a		Adjusted for age, gender, PMc^b		Adjusted for age, gender, ${PM}_{2.5}$ , PMc^b
Outcome	Woodstove changeout	Air filter	Woodstove changeout	Air filter	Woodstove changeout	Air filter
PAQLQ
Overall	0.18 ( $- 0.34$ , 0.71)	$- 0.15$ ( $- 0.58$ , 0.27)	0.20 ( $- 0.36$ , 0.77)	$- 0.13$ ( $- 0.57$ , 0.32)	0.20 ( $- 0.36$ , 0.77)	$- 0.21$ ( $- 0.67$ , 0.24)
Symptoms	0.38 ( $- 0.20$ , 0.96)	$- 0.13$ ( $- 0.60$ , 0.34)	0.39 ( $- 0.23$ , 1.0)	$- 0.11$ ( $- 0.60$ , 0.37)	0.38 ( $- 0.23$ , 1.0)	$- 0.20$ ( $- 0.70$ , 0.29)
Limitation of Activity	0.13 ( $- 0.50$ , 0.75)	$- 0.27$ ( $- 0.78$ , 0.24)	0.16 ( $- 0.52$ , 0.83)	$- 0.29$ ( $- 0.82$ , 0.24)	0.16 ( $- 0.52$ , 0.83)	$- 0.31$ ( $- 0.85$ , 0.24)
Emotion	$- 0.10$ ( $- 0.63$ , 0.44)	$- 0.14$ ( $- 0.57$ , 0.30)	$- 0.06$ ( $- 0.64$ , 0.51)	$- 0.08$ ( $- 0.53$ , 0.38)	$- 0.06$ ( $- 0.64$ , 0.51)	$- 0.19$ ( $- 0.66$ , 0.27)
Two-week spirometry monitoring
Evening ${FEV}_{1}$ % predicted	2.6 ( $- 7.8$ , 13)	$- 0.73$ ( $- 9.1$ , 7.7)	1.3 ( $- 10$ , 13)	$- 0.51$ ( $- 9.3$ , 8.3)	1.2 ( $- 10$ , 13)	$- 1.3$ ( $- 10$ , 7.8)
Morning ${FEV}_{1}$ % predicted	3.2 ( $- 7.4$ , 14)	$- 1.7$ ( $- 10$ , 6.9)	2.2 ( $- 9.2$ , 14)	$- 2.1$ ( $- 8.4$ , 4.2)	2.2 ( $- 9.3$ , 14)	$- 2.4$ ( $- 11$ , 6.7)
Evening PEF % predicted	6.9 ( $- 2.7$ , 17)	0.62 ( $- 7.4$ , 8.6)	6.3 ( $- 4.0$ , 16)	2.2 ( $- 5.9$ , 10)	6.2 ( $- 4.1$ , 17)	1.2 ( $- 7.2$ , 9.7)
Morning PEF % predicted	7.7 ( $- 2.0$ , 17)	1.7 ( $- 6.3$ , 9.7)	7.1 ( $- 3.1$ , 17)	2.5 ( $- 5.6$ , 11)	7.0 ( $- 3.2$ , 17)	1.8 ( $- 6.6$ , 10)
Diurnal PEF variability, %	$- 2.7$ ( $- 7.4$ , 2.0)	$- 3.6$ ( $- 7.6$ , 0.4)	$- 3.0$ ( $- 8.2$ , 2.3)	$- 3.2$ ( $- 7.4$ , 1.0)	$- 3.0$ ( $- 8.3$ , 2.3)	$- 2.7$ ( $- 7.0$ , 1.7)

Note: ${FEV}_{1}$ forces expiratory volume in first second; PAQLQ, Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; PEF, peak expiratory flow.

^{^a}

Missing observations for models with ${PM}_{2.5}$ : $n = 5$ for PAQLQ measures; $n = 41$ for spirometry measures.

^{^b}

Missing observations for models with ${PM}_{c}$ : $n = 6$ for PAQLQ measures; $n = 38$ for spirometry measures.