Fig. 2.

Structural equation model. X_1-n represent observed binary indicators that load onto each single latent psychosocial adversity construct (i.e. the first order factors). A complete list of the binary indicators for each latent construct is provided in Supplemental Table S1, along with their factor loadings and model fit statistics. Cumulative psychosocial adversity is a second order factor that captures each of the single latent psychosocial adversity constructs. Supplemental Table S1 provides factor loadings for each of the first order factors onto the second order factor. Childhood social class has been shown as a covariate for illustrative purposes; in our confounder adjusted model, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment were additionally adjusted for. CVD risk factors are multivariate outcomes with residual covariances.