Table 2.
PSQI component scores by BMI classification (n = 95)
| n (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| Overall (n = 95) |
Normal (BMI <25 kg/m2) (n = 14) |
Overweight (BMI 25–29 kg/m2) (n = 20) |
Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) (n = 61) |
p valuea | |
| Global PSQI score | 0.649 | ||||
| ≤5b | 37 (39) | 7 (50) | 35 (7) | 23 (38) | |
| >5 | 58 (61) | 7 (50) | 65 (13) | 38 (62) | |
| Global PSQI component scoresc | |||||
| Sleep quality | 0.850 | ||||
| Very good | 41 (43) | 6 (43) | 35 (7) | 28 (46) | |
| Fairly good | 31 (33) | 4 (29) | 35 (7) | 20 (33) | |
| Fairly bad | 16 (17) | 2 (14) | 25 (5) | 9 (15) | |
| Very bad | 7 (7) | 2 (14) | 5 (1) | 4 (7) | |
| Sleep onset latency | 0.175 | ||||
| ≤15 minutes | 30 (32) | 7 (50) | 30 (6) | 17 (28) | |
| 16–30 minutes | 41 (43) | 4 (29) | 45 (9) | 28 (46) | |
| 31–60 minutes | 16 (17) | 2 (14) | 5 (1) | 13 (21) | |
| >60 minutes | 8 (8) | 1 (7) | 20 (4) | 3 (5) | |
| Sleep duration | 0.711 | ||||
| >7 hours | 35 (37) | 4 (29) | 7 (35) | 24 (39) | |
| 6–7 hours | 25 (26) | 4 (29) | 5 (25) | 16 (26) | |
| 5–6 hours | 30 (32) | 4 (29) | 8 (40) | 18 (30) | |
| <5 hours | 5 (5) | 2 (14) | 0 (0) | 3 (5) | |
| Habitual sleep efficiencyd | 0.273 | ||||
| ≥85% | 58 (61) | 10 (71) | 13 (65) | 35 (57) | |
| 75%–84% | 20 (21) | 1 (7) | 3 (15) | 16 (26) | |
| 65%–74% | 6 (6) | 3 (21) | 3 (15) | 3 (5) | |
| <65% | 11 (12) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 7 (11) | |
| Sleep disturbancese | 0.099 | ||||
| 0 (minimum; best) | 1 (1) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| 1 | 21 (22) | 5 (36) | 4 (20) | 12 (20) | |
| 2 | 57 (60) | 8 (57) | 14 (70) | 35 (57) | |
| 3 (maximum; worst) | 16 (17) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) | 14 (23) | |
| Use of sleep medication | 0.279 | ||||
| Not during the past month | 67 (71) | 11 (79) | 11 (55) | 45 (74) | |
| Less than once a week | 11 (12) | 1 (7) | 2 (10) | 8 (13) | |
| Once or twice a week | 10 (11) | 1 (7) | 3 (15) | 6 (10) | |
| Three or more times a week | 7 (7) | 1 (7) | 4 (20) | 2 (3) | |
| Daytime dysfunctionf | 0.585 | ||||
| 0 (minimum; best) | 16 (17) | 4 (29) | 2 (10) | 10 (16) | |
| 1 | 50 (53) | 5 (36) | 13 (65) | 32 (52) | |
| 2 | 26 (27) | 4 (29) | 5 (25) | 17 (28) | |
| 3 (maximum; worst) | 3 (3) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | |
Fisher exact test of independence.
A PSQI score ≤5 indicates good sleep quality. PSQI data at baseline were available for 95 participants.
The PSQI instrument has seven components with possible scores of 0, 1, 2, or 3. The global PSQI score is calculated by adding all seven component score
Percent value calculated using the equation (total number of hours asleep/total number of hours in bed) × 100.
Sleep disturbance score calculated as the sum of 10 items, each representing a source of sleep disturbance (cannot get to sleep within 30 minutes, wake up in the middle of the night or early morning, have to get up to use the bathroom, cannot breathe comfortably, cough or snore loudly, feel too cold, feel too hot, have bad dreams, have pain, and other reasons), rated on a Likert scale of 0 to 3 (0, not during the past month; 1, less than once a week; 2, once or twice a week; 3, three or more times a week).
Daytime dysfunction score calculated as the sum of two items rated on a Likert scale of 0 to 3. (During the past month, how often have you had trouble staying awake while driving, eating meals, or engaging in social activity? During the past month, how much of a problem has it been for you to keep up enthusiasm to get things done?)