The relationship between medial (A) and intimal (B) thickening of arteries and intimal thickening of veins (C) and IVs (D) and the severity of pulmonary hypertension as assessed by Doppler echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) in HF-PH (HFpEF and HFrEF) and pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). The solid line represents the estimated PASP via linear regression based on medial/intimal thickening, and the dotted lines represent the 95% confidence interval.
Abbreviations: % MT, percent medial thickening; % IT, percent intimal thickening
Note, one outlier (HFpEF patient with a PASP of 153 mmHg) is not shown on this scale.