B-cell lymphomas originate from gastro-esophageal adenocarcinomas implanted in NOD/SCID mice. A. Fresh surgical gastric adenocarcinoma samples were subcutaneously implanted in NOD/SCID mice. The pathological evaluation of 124 established first generation PDXs revealed that 77 were gastric adenocarcinomas (62%), 42 were lymphomas (34%) and 5 were mixed tumors, presenting both gastric and lymphoma tissues in the same tumor mass (4%). B. Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining of three representative primary gastric tumors (left panels) and the derived PDXs, which were diagnosed as large cell lymphomas (right panels). C. H&E staining of a primary gastric tumor (left panel) and the derived mixed PDX (right panel), showing epithelial gastric tumor cells interspersed among lymphoma cells. D. Representative immunohistochemical analysis of one lymphoma PDX and of one mixed PDX derived from primary gastric cancers. Pan-cytokeratin, CD20, CD79 and MIB (KI-67) staining were performed. As shown, lymphoma cells were pan-cytokeratin negative, CD20 and CD79 positive, and exhibited a high MIB-positive score.