Table 3.
Changes in relative protein level after intra-ventromedial hypothalamic treatment with the melanocortin receptor agonist MTII. In percent of vehicle-treated HCR, or as a ratio to unphosphorylated protein, mean±SEM.
| Tissue | HCR | LCR | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vehicle | MTII | vehicle | MTII | ||
| Gastrocnemius | B2-AR** | 100.0±5.7 | 111.6±5.9 | 80.0±5.2 | 85.7±5.2 |
| UCP2*,** | 100.0±6.3 | 108.0±6.4 | 75.4±6.1 | 78.6±5.5 | |
| UCP3*,** | 100.0±5.6 | 111.4±5.8 | 74.0±6.2 | 77.0±5.4 | |
| PPARα** | 100.0±5.2 | 110.0±6.1 | 79.7±5.2 | 85.3±5.4 | |
| PPARδ** | 100.0±5.9 | 113.0±6.4 | 76.5±5.6 | 86.0±6.8 | |
| PPARγ** | 100.0±5.4 | 116.7±6.4 | 77.4±5.5 | 85.3±5.3 | |
| PGC-1α*,** | 100.0±5.6 | 121.6±4.8 | 71.7±5.4 | 79.3±5.2 | |
| CPT1 | 100.0±6.5 | 111.7±6.0 | 89.6±6.0 | 96.9±5.4 | |
| SERCA1*,** | 100.0±4.9 | 116.5±5.8 | 74.9±5.2 | 84.0±6.7 | |
| SERCA2** | 100.0±6.0 | 115.9±5.2 | 69.5±5.2 | 74.4±5.6 | |
| Kir6.1** | 100.0±4.7 | 97.7±5.6 | 119.7±4.3 | 118.0±7.9 | |
| Kir6.2** | 100.0±5.9 | 97.3±4.8 | 129.7±5.4 | 129.5±5.7 | |
| MED1** | 100.0±5.0 | 99.9±5.4 | 131.7±5.6 | 128.9±5.9 | |
| FAS | 100.0±5.7 | 97.9±5.4 | 92.6±5.9 | 92.4±6.0 | |
| CD36 (FAT)** | 100.0±6.2 | 111.0±5.8 | 82.0±5.4 | 87.9±6.6 | |
| ACC | 100.0±5.4 | 99.8±5.5 | 107.9±5.7 | 104.4±5.5 | |
| pACC*,** | 100.0±5.2 | 121.4±4.9 | 78.2±5.4 | 89.5±5.8 | |
| pACC/ACC*,** | 100.2±4.5 | 122.3±5.5 | 73.0±7.6 | 87.3±9.8 | |
| AMPK | 100.0±5.4 | 100.5±5.0 | 99.9±5.7 | 99.4±5.5 | |
| pAMPK*,** | 100.0±5.2 | 122.0±4.5 | 97.2±5.5 | 91.6±5.4 | |
| pAMPK/AMPK*,** | 100.4±6.3 | 123.0±10.6 | 79.6±6.1 | 92.2±3.4 | |
| Quadriceps | B2-AR** | 100.0±6.7 | 105.9±6.9 | 83.7±5.2 | 87.5±6.7 |
| UCP2** | 100.0±6.1 | 106.6±7.0 | 74.4±6.4 | 76.6±5.4 | |
| UCP3** | 100.0±5.7 | 108.4±5.9 | 73.0±6.8 | 75.5±5.8 | |
| PPARα** | 100.0± | 108.0±8.2 | 85.0±7.4 | 89.0±5.9 | |
| PPARδ** | 100.0± | 102.5±6.9 | 85.5±5.4 | 84.7±7.8 | |
| PPARγ** | 100.0± | 112.5±6.5 | 83.7±5.4 | 89.1±5.8 | |
| PGC-1α** | 100.0±5.3 | 111.9±5.2 | 70.2±5.8 | 76.3±5.9 | |
| CPT1 | 100.0±6.5 | 109.9±6.0 | 92.6±5.7 | 102.9±5.4 | |
| SERCA1** | 100.0±4.9 | 114.8±5.8 | 78.5±5.2 | 87.0±6.7 | |
| SERCA2** | 100.0±5.0 | 110.9±5.2 | 76.5±5.7 | 83.7±6.6 | |
| Kir6.1 | 100.0±5.7 | 98.3±5.8 | 112.9±4.2 | 109.5±6.9 | |
| Kir6.2** | 100.0±4.9 | 96.7±5.9 | 126.8±4.4 | 123.2±5.9 | |
| MED1** | 100.0±4.7 | 98.7±5.8 | 129.8±5.9 | 127.0±5.0 | |
| FAS | 100.0±6.0 | 98.7±6.4 | 98.4±5.6 | 99.4±6.6 | |
| CD36 (FAT)** | 100.0±7.2 | 103.0±6.1 | 95.8±6.1 | 86.4±7.6 | |
| ACC | 100.0±6.5 | 99.0±6.0 | 106.6±5.7 | 102.9±5.4 | |
| pACC** | 100.0±6.0 | 113.8±4.8 | 89.4±5.8 | 96.4±5.9 | |
| pACC/ACC** | 100.8±8.1 | 117.1±11.3 | 85.3±9.1 | 93.4±3.3 | |
| AMPK | 100.0±7.5 | 99.5±7.6 | 99.8±6.8 | 99.4±5.5 | |
| pAMPK*,** | 100.0±5.0 | 117.0±4.6 | 98.6±5.5 | 89.7±5.3 | |
| pAMPK/AMPK** | 100.6±7.3 | 118.2±7.7 | 79.3±6.7 | 90.6±5.9 | |
| Brown Adipose Tissue | B3-AR** | 100.0±6.3 | 107.4±8.0 | 76.3±5.5 | 88.9±7.8 |
| UCP1*,** | 100.0±3.9 | 119.4±4.0 | 65.8±4.9 | 76.2±3.5 | |
| PPARα | 100.0±7.4 | 115.0±9.8 | 88.2±8.7 | 95.7±5.6 | |
| PPARδ | 100.0±5.9 | 107.9±6.7 | 93.8±4.3 | 98.8±7.5 | |
| PPARγ** | 100.0±4.6 | 106.5±6.8 | 78.2±6.3 | 87.9±7.7 | |
| PGC-1α*,** | 100.0±5.4 | 123.2±6.0 | 78.0±4.3 | 85.1±7.2 | |
| CPT1 | 100.0±6.5 | 112.8±5.3 | 78.6±5.4 | 90.4±7.3 | |
| FAS | 100.0±6.3 | 98.9±5.0 | 100.9±4.8 | 99.8±5.8 | |
| CD36 (FAT)** | 100.0±9.1 | 102.6±7.3 | 90.5±6.5 | 95.4±6.2 | |
| ACC | 100.0±7.3 | 99.5±6.7 | 103.7±5.7 | 104.2±7.6 | |
| pACC*,** | 100.0±4.3 | 126.8±7.1 | 89.4±6.0 | 99.8±5.3 | |
| pACC/ACC*,** | 100.5±5.8 | 127.3±1.5 | 86.4±3.8 | 97.6±9.9 | |
| AMPK | 100.0±6.5 | 98.6±5.3 | 101.7±3.8 | 100.4±7.3 | |
| pAMPK*,** | 100.0±5.9 | 138.7±7.3 | 79.9±5.7 | 97.3±7.3 | |
| pAMPK/AMPK*,** | 100.8±8.4 | 141.8±11.2 | 76.9±3.9 | 97.5±4.0 | |
| White Adipose Tissue | B3-AR** | 100.0±5.5 | 109.0±6.0 | 80.6±4.6 | 86.0±6.6 |
| UCP2** | 100.0±5.3 | 106.0±4.4 | 89.3±4.8 | 92.7±5.6 | |
| PPARα | 100.0±5.3 | 111.6±5.9 | 86.4±6.1 | 94.2±6.9 | |
| PPARδ | 100.0±3.5 | 106.6±4.2 | 92.8±4.9 | 99.5±3.7 | |
| PPARγ | 100.0±6.5 | 102.7±8.2 | 98.6±5.9 | 100.9±6.4 | |
| PGC-1α** | 100.0±5.9 | 111.4±6.5 | 91.8±4.4 | 99.3±7.2 | |
| FAS | 100.0±7.6 | 96.4±7.3 | 101.9±5.9 | 99.8±6.2 | |
| CD36 (FAT) | 100.0±5.8 | 99.6±6.5 | 104.3±6.8 | 104.1±5.3 | |
| ACC | 100.0±6.3 | 99.9±5.8 | 104.4±6.2 | 103.9±6.2 | |
| pACC | 100.0±5.8 | 112.0±4.4 | 93.8±5.7 | 105.4±5.7 | |
| pACC/ACC | 100.3±2.1 | 112.9±6.5 | 90.7±8.9 | 102.1±7.5 | |
| AMPK | 100.0±5.8 | 99.8±4.2 | 100.8±5.4 | 99.9±5.4 | |
| pAMPK* | 100.0±5.9 | 122.7±5.0 | 98.1±5.6 | 107.9±5.6 | |
| pAMPK/AMPK | 100.7±9.3 | 125.1±11.1 | 98.4±8.4 | 108.3±2.9 | |
| Liver | B2-AR** | 100.0±5.0 | 105.8±6.9 | 80.4±5.4 | 89.5±5.5 |
| UCP2** | 100.0±5.1 | 109.8±5.9 | 79.9±4.6 | 86.5±5.2 | |
| PPARα | 100.0±6.9 | 113.6±5.7 | 89.3±5.4 | 99.1±4.9 | |
| PPARδ** | 100.0±6.3 | 117.6±6.4 | 83.7±5.2 | 91.7±5.6 | |
| PPARγ** | 100.0±5.4 | 115.4±5.9 | 76.8±5.7 | 85.2±6.3 | |
| PGC-1α** | 100.0±5.8 | 108.4±4.9 | 86.5±4.8 | 87.2±5.7 | |
| CPT1 | 100.0±5.2 | 105.3±6.4 | 88.7±5.2 | 97.0±4.0 | |
| FAS | 100.0±5.5 | 98.5±6.1 | 100.8±5.2 | 101.7±5.8 | |
| CD36 (FAT)** | 100.0±4.0 | 95.7±5.4 | 111.5±4.9 | 109.8±4.8 | |
| ACC | 100.0±6.2 | 99.5±5.3 | 104.8±5.2 | 105.7±6.7 | |
| pACC | 100.0±5.4 | 125.4±6.8 | 89.3±5.5 | 94.2±6.7 | |
| pACC/ACC** | 101.2±10.5 | 126.7±2.1 | 86.6±9.1 | 90.0±7.5 | |
| AMPK | 100.0±5.9 | 100.0±6.0 | 100.3±6.1 | 100.5±5.4 | |
| pAMPK*,** | 100.0±5.2 | 122.7±5.4 | 89.7±5.2 | 95.8±5.0 | |
| pAMPK/AMPK** | 100.2±4.9 | 123.1±4.4 | 90.0±8.4 | 96.7±10.4 | |
HCR, high-capacity runners; LCR, low-capacity runners; B2-AR, beta-2 adrenergic receptor; B3-AR, beta-3 adrenergic receptor; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator activated protein; PGC-1α, PPARγ coactivator-1α; UCP, uncoupling protein; CPT1, carnitine-palmitoyl transferase 1; SERCA, sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase; Kir, inwardly-rectifying potassium channel; MED1, Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 1; FAS, fatty acid synthase; CD36/FAT, cluster of differentiation 36/fatty acid translocase; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase.
*
MTII>vehicle;
**
HCR≠LCR; p<0.05