Table 4.
Associations of the androgen metabolite pattern factor score with change in metabolic biomarkers between mid-childhood (~7 years) and the early teens (~12 years) among boys and girls in Project Viva
| β (95% CI) per 1 unit androgen factor scorea | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys(n =104) | Girls (n = 109) | |||||
| Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
|
|
|
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| Change in metabolic biomarkers | ||||||
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 1.04 (−1.09, 3.18) | −0.19 (−2.15, 1.78) | −0.48 (−2.47, 1.52) | −1.35 (−2.96, 0.25) | −1.12 (−2.66, 0.43) | −1.14 (−2.64, 0.36) |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 2.53 (−1.56, 6.62) | 1.90 (−1.88, 5.68) | 1.97 (−1.90, 5.85) | −0.63 (−3.38, 2.13) | 1.27 (−0.78, 3.32) | 1.26 (−0.74, 3.25) |
| HOMA-IR | 0.43 (−0.17, 1.03) | −0.09 (−0.52, 0.35) | −0.21 (−0.65, 0.23) | −0.32 (−0.73, 0.10) | −0.22 (−0.66, 0.22) | −0.21 (−0.64, 0.22) |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 0.37 (−1.17, 1.91) | −0.12 (−1.75, 1.52) | −0.25 (−1.89, 1.39) | −1.85 (−4.09, 0.40) | −2.39 (−4.76, −0.02) | −2.50 (−4.61, −0.39) |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 0.46 (−0.68, 1.61) | −0.01 (−0.38, 0.38) | 0.07 (−0.31, 0.45) | 1.04 (−0.18, 2.26) | 0.00 (−0.32, 0.33) | 0.01 (−0.32, 0.33) |
| CRP (mg/L) | −0.23 (−0.52, 0.05) | 0.12 (−0.09, 0.32) | 0.12 (−0.09, 0.33) | 0.06 (−0.54, 0.66) | 0.28 (0.03, 0.54) | 0.28 (0.03, 0.54) |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.08 (−0.15, 0.31) | 0.20 (−0.02, 0.41) | 0.18 (−0.03, 0.40) | 0.06 (−0.23, 0.36) | 0.26 (−0.02, 0.55) | 0.26 (−0.02, 0.54) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | −1.97 (−5.46, 1.52) | −1.07 (−4.38, 2.24) | −1.06 (−4.42, 2.30) | −0.43 (−3.38, 2.52) | −0.61 (−3.69, 2.46) | −0.60 (−3.68, 2.48) |
| HDL (mg/dL) | −0.71 (−2.28, 0.85) | −1.02 (−2.61, 0.58) | −0.87 (−2.47, 0.72) | 0.02 (−1.39, 1.44) | −0.05 (−1.45, 1.36) | 0.01 (−1.36, 1.39) |
| LDL (mg/dL) | −1.25 (−4.30, 1.81) | 0.30 (−2.51, 3.11) | 0.17 (−2.67, 3.01) | −0.28 (−2.66, 2.09) | −0.56 (−2.99, 1.87) | −0.58 (−3.01, 1.84) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | −0.07 (−4.30, 4.16) | 0.12 (−4.09, 4.32) | −0.12 (−4.37, 4.13) | −0.85 (−5.02, 3.32) | 1.73 (−2.11, 5.57) | 1.71 (−2.10, 5.52) |
| SBP (mmHg) | −0.81 (−2.02, 0.40) | 0.16 (−0.91, 1.22) | 0.16 (−0.90, 1.22) | −1.32 (−2.57, −0.07) | −0.52 (−1.63, 0.59) | −0.52 (−1.63, 0.59) |
| DBP (mmHg) | −0.17 (−1.05, 0.72) | 0.19 (−0.71, 1.08) | 0.06 (−0.83, 0.95) | −0.17 (−1.01, 0.68) | 0.14 (−0.68, 0.96) | 0.15 (−0.67, 0.96) |
| MetS z-scoreb | −0.03 (−0.12, 0.06) | −0.01 (−0.11, 0.08) | −0.02 (−0.11, 0.07) | −0.10 (−0.18, −0.02) | −0.04 (−0.12, 0.03) | −0.04 (−0.11, 0.03) |
a
Model 1: Estimates are adjusted for pubertal status and the biomarker of interest at the mid-childhood visit, and age at mid-childhood and early teen visits. Model 2: Model 1 + BMI percentile at baseline. Bolded values indicate statistical significance at alpha <0.05.
b
Calculated as the average of 5 internally-standardized sex-specific z-scores for inverted HDL, waist circumference, ln-transformed HOMA-IR, ln-transformed triglycerides, and SBP.