Figure 1.

Verification of gene expression of four gene of interests found differentially expressed between mated versus alate queen brains in the transcriptome analysis. cDNA was synthesized from the same total RNA from the four replicates that were sequenced. Gene expression determined by qPCR was normalized to both elf1‐beta and rpl18. Bars represent mean log₂ fold change ±SEM. “*” Indicates significant differences between virgin alate and mated queen brains determined by t test, p < .05, n = 4. Only hexamerin 1 gene was downregulated in dealate mated queen brain. p Values: hexamerin 1, .008; astakine, .009; nc725, .026; nc909, .017