Table 1.

Differentially expressed genes in brains of dealate mated versus alate virgin queens

Gene ID	Gene name	Fold changea	Total FPKMb	Gene description S. invicta c	GO terms (from Ensembl Metazoac)
XM_011157206	LOC105192919	−9	2,983.8	Hexamerin‐like mRNA
XM_011158637	LOC105193944	−3.04	171.45	Facilitated trehalose transporter Tret1‐like, transcript variant X2, mRNAd	GO:0016020: membrane; GO:0016021: integral component of membrane; GO:0008643: carbohydrate transport; GO:0055085: transmembrane transport; GO:0005215: transporter activity; GO:0022857: transmembrane transporter activity; GO:0022891: substrate‐specific transmembrane transporter activity
XM_011171175	LOC105202586	−3.14	159.87	Uncharacterized LOC105202586, mRNA	GO:0004144: diacylglycerol O‐acyltransferase activity
XR_851183	LOC105203692	−4.42	138.31	Uncharacterized LOC105203692 ncRNA
XM_011174167	LOC105204893	−2.79	92.55	Uncharacterized LOC105204893 partial mRNA
XM_011160766	LOC105195388	−4.21	62.52	Venom protease‐like partial mRNA
XM_011161187	LOC105195675	−6.44	45.67	UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase 2C1‐like, transcript variant X2, mRNA	GO:0008152: metabolic process; GO:0016758: transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
XM_011157651	LOC105193270	−10.89	24.36	Chymotrypsin‐1‐like mRNA	GO:0006508: proteolysis; GO:0004252: serine‐type endopeptidase activity
XM_011157183	LOC105192898	−7.07	17.42	Arylphorin subunit alpha‐like mRNA (hexamerin‐like)
XR_850725	LOC105195721	8.71	1,113.4	Uncharacterized LOC105195721, ncRNA (nc725; abaecin)
XR_850909	LOC105199067	2.91	1,078.8	Uncharacterized LOC105199067, ncRNA (nc909)
XM_011167747	LOC105200273	3.63	617.96	Chymotrypsin inhibitor‐like mRNA
XM_011157536	LOC105193179	6.48	408.9	Endocuticle structural glycoprotein SgAbd‐1‐like mRNA	GO:0042302: structural constituent of cuticle
XM_011157405	LOC105193076	2.75	256.88	Uncharacterized LOC105193076, mRNA
XM_011167741	LOC105200265	2.79	233.08	Astakine‐like mRNA	GO:0016021: integral component of membrane
XM_011167750	LOC105200276	3.67	95.61	Chymotrypsin inhibitor‐like mRNA
XM_011165710	LOC105198862	3.68	55.88	Peptide‐methionine sulfoxide reductase, transcript variant X4, mRNA	GO:0055114: oxidation–reduction process; GO:0008113: peptide‐methionine (S)‐S‐oxide reductase activity
XM_011174636	LOC105205292	3.21	33.77	Uncharacterized LOC105205292, mRNAe	GO:0006508: proteolysis; GO:0008237: metallopeptidase activity; GO:0008270: zinc ion binding
XM_011161436	LOC105195830	2.48	30.88	Uncharacterized LOC105195830	GO:0006508: proteolysis; GO:0004222: metallo‐endopeptidase activity; GO:0008237: metallopeptidase activity
XM_011164314	LOC105197777	3.98	30.72	Phenoloxidase 2, mRNA	GO:0008152:metabolic process; GO:0016491: oxidoreductase activity
XM_011173486	LOC105204417	4.5	22.67	Membrane metallo‐endopeptidase‐like 1 mRNA	GO:0006508: proteolysis; GO:0007218: neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0004222: metallo‐endopeptidase activity; GO:0008237: metallopeptidase activity
XM_011157963	LOC105193507	4.85	15.78	Uncharacterized LOC105193507

q‐values for all differentially expressed genes <0.05.

^aFold change indicates the relative change in expression in mated queen brains compared to virgin alate queens (negative values indicate lower expression in mated queens).

^bFragments per kilobase of exon per million reads mapped.

^cNCBI Solenopsis invicta Genome Annotation Release 100 (https://metazoa.ensembl.org/index.html).

^dWe previously cloned this cDNA and reported it as a putative glucose transporter 8 GenBank: AY911645.1 (Chen, Holmes, & Pietrantonio, 2006).

^eBlast analyses revealed that this predicted transcript appears to include the sequences of three contiguous aminopeptidases N.