Table 1.
Milestones on mass distribution of long lasting insecticidal mosquito nets in Zambia; 2005–2014
| Adoption of mass distribution |
| Free mass distribution of ITNs commenced in 2000 |
| Policy to use of LLINs rather than conventional nets adopted in 2005 |
| Numbers distributed and ownership |
| Over six million LLINs distributed in mass campaign within 4 months in 2014 alone compared an annual average of 1.5 million LLINs per year distribution before 2014 |
| Ownership rate of LLINs nationwide: 72% in 2012 and 76% in 2015 |
| LLINs delivery to end user |
| Door-to-door strategy for delivering LLINs to end user adopted in 2008 |
| Guidelines on the door–door-campaign produced in 2008 |
| Door-to-door strategy revised/refined in 2014 to involve the creation of distribution sites within communities; health workers had to hang the LLIN before leaving house |
| Record management achieved through use of ITN register maintained by Community Health Workers, ITN agents |
| Procurement and supply |
| The World Food Programme (WFP) participation facilitated LLINs logistics management (distribution) from central (national) level to the sub-national level |
| Direct LLIN distribution from supplier to district piloted in 2004; used in 2014 |
| Direct LLIN distribution from supplier to district—eased storage bottlenecks in 2014 |
| Coordination |
| The National Malaria Control Programme was responsible for providing overall coordination of the 2014 mass LLIN campaign through use of Technical Working Groups (TWGs) |
| In 2014, two additional TWGs were constituted to be responsible for the coordination of: (a) procurement, distribution and supply of LLINs (b) monitoring and evaluation of LLINs, including data collection and analyses. The two newly constituted TWGs were an addition to the existent TWG on ITNs and Social Mobilization Behaviour Change and Communication |
| Partnership landscape |
| In 2014, to enhance LLINs distribution to end user, World Food Programme (WFP) |
| Jointed malaria programme partnership, consisting of Churches health association of Zambia (CHAZ), Malaria Control and Evaluation (MACEPA) at PATH funded by Bill and Melinda Gates, JICA, United States President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) through World Vision International and The Global Fund to fight HIV and AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) through local funding principal recipients, UNICEF and WHO |