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. 2018 Apr 25;8:6546. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24973-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Morphological observation and CCK-8 analysis of CLC and HERS cells after induction by IF_CM and MF_CM. Compared with non-induced CLC (A) and HERS cells (D), CLC induced with IF_CM (B) and MF_CM (C) maintained the polygonal-shape of epithelial cells, while part of HERS cells lost the epithelial cell shape and transformed into spindle-shaped cells (E,F). Morphologically transformed cells were more prominent in HERS cells induced by MF_CM (F) than IF_CM (E). CCK-8 analysis showed that non-induced CLC and HERS cells presented similar proliferation rate in the beginning and reached the peak at the 4^th day; thereafter, the number of CLCs maintained at the peak level while the number of HERS cells started decreasing (G). The proliferation of CLC cells were significantly inhibited by the MF_CM but not affected by the IF_CM (H), and so did the HERS cells with a moderate effect (I). Scale bars: 100 μm; *statistical difference found between groups with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.