Table 5.
Odds ratios (OR) of developing abdominal obesity in relation to score for Italian Mediterranean Index and its components
| N Cases/controls | ORa (95% CI) | ORb (95% CI) | ORc (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italian Mediterranean Index | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2488/5658 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4–5) | 2102/5017 | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | 0.90 (0.83–0.97) |
| Tertile III (6–11) | 1188/2952 | 0.89 (0.82–0.97) | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | 0.86 (0.78–0.94) |
| P trend | 0.004 | 0.022 | 0.001 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.96 (0.95–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without pasta | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2851/6770 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1145/2663 | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1782/4194 | 0.95 (0.89–1.02) | 0.97 (0.91–1.05) | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) |
| P trend | 0.187 | 0.501 | 0.025 | |
| Continuous | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without Mediterranean vegetables | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2827/6419 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1328/3042 | 0.97 (0.89–1.05) | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1623/4166 | 0.86 (0.80–0.92) | 0.87 (0.81–0.94) | 0.84 (0.77–0.91) |
| P trend | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Continuous | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | 0.95 (0.93–0.97) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without fruit | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2811/6364 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1205/2921 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.92 (0.85–1.00) | 0.87 (0.80–0.96) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1762/4342 | 0.90 (0.84–0.97) | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.87 (0.81–0.95) |
| P trend | 0.004 | 0.019 | 0.001 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without pulses | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2853/6470 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1141/2839 | 0.89 (0.82–0.97) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) | 0.88 (0.80–0.96) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1784/4318 | 0.91 (0.84–0.97) | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.88 (0.81–0.95) |
| P trend | 0.004 | 0.029 | 0.001 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without olive oil | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2842/6595 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1284/3024 | 0.96 (0.88–1.03) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1652/4008 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.89 (0.82–0.96) |
| P trend | 0.020 | 0.076 | 0.004 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without fish | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2849/6420 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1157/2856 | 0.89 (0.82–0.97) | 0.89 (0.82–0.97) | 0.87 (0.79–0.95) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1772/4351 | 0.88 (0.82–0.95) | 0.90 (0.83–0.96) | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) |
| P trend | <0.0001 | 0.002 | <0.0001 | |
| Continuous | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without potatoes | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2989/6817 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1051/2568 | 0.92 (0.85–1.00) | 0.92 (0.85–1.00) | 0.90 (0.82–0.99) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1738/4242 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.88 (0.81–0.96) |
| P trend | 0.016 | 0.057 | 0.002 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without butter | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2921/6708 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1153/2766 | 0.93 (0.86–1.01) | 0.93 (0.86–1.01) | 0.91 (0.83–1.00) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1704/4153 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.90 (0.82–0.97) |
| P trend | 0.022 | 0.082 | 0.006 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without red meat | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 2882/6654 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1121/2732 | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1775/4241 | 0.96 (0.89–1.03) | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) |
| P trend | 0.212 | 0.351 | 0.009 | |
| Continuous | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without soft drinks | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 3233/7452 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1083/2591 | 0.95 (0.88–1.03) | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) | 0.91 (0.83–1.00) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1462/3584 | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) |
| P trend | 0.066 | 0.270 | 0.008 | |
| Continuous | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | |
| Italian Mediterranean Index without alcohol | ||||
| Tertile I (0–3) | 3138/7224 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Tertile II (4) | 1114/2599 | 0.97 (0.89–1.05) | 0.98 (0.90–1.06) | 0.94 (0.85–1.03) |
| Tertile III (5–10) | 1526/3804 | 0.91 (0.85–0.98) | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.89 (0.82–0.97) |
| P trend | 0.017 | 0.059 | 0.005 | |
| Continuous | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.96 (0.95–0.98) | |
aAdjusted for centre, age, sex, and non-alcoholic energy intake
bFurther adjusted for distance between baseline and recall, waist education, physical activity, and menopausal status (women only)
cFurther adjusted for BMI at baseline