Table 4.

Between-group analysis of Morphologic features in deep multifidus muscle.

	cLBP	healthy control	t-value	P-value
Resting thickness	1.66 ± 0.21	2.10 ± 0.20	7.58	<0.001
Thickness during MIVC	2.17 ± 0.34	2.95 ± 0.25	9.21	<0.001
Thickness change (%)	29.69 ± 8.62	40.43 ± 5.83	5.12	<0.001
Cross-sectional area	2.83 ± 0.74	4.36 ± 0.58	8.19	<0.001

cLBP, chronic low back pain; MVIC, maximum voluntary isometric contraction.