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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 17.
Published in final edited form as: Acc Chem Res. 2018 Mar 28;51(4):839–849. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00004

Figure 4.

Figure 4

In vivo manipulation of biological activities with MNTs at the tissue level. (a) Magnetic activation of apoptotic signaling in zebra fish. (i) The aggregation of ovarian TNF receptors (OTRs) triggered by the dipolar attraction force induce apoptosis. (ii) SEM images of aggregated magnetic nanoparticles on the cell surface and the corresponding tail region bending. (b) Schematic illustration of magnetic tandem apoptosis trigger (m-TAT) and its dual modes of stimulation (i), and photographs of xenograft tumor-bearing mice obtained after treatment (day 14) (ii). (c) Guiding of cell migration by using a magnetic pulling force. Magnetically labelled cells (mag-cell) can remotely control cell migration (i) and thus deliver cells from the subventricular zone (SVZ) to the cortex (Cx) within a rat brain (ii). (iii) Immunohistochemistry images showing magnetism-guided cell migration within a rat brain. The green color indicates magnetic nanoparticle-loaded cells. Reproduced with permission from ref 14, copyright 2012 Nature Publishing Group; Reproduced with permission from refs 15, 46, Copyright 2016, 2018 American Chemical Society.