Table 3.

Correlation of dietary indices with health measures

	n	HEI	MDS	HFD-index
BMI	4428	β = −0.076 ***	β = − 0.098***	Non-significant
FI	4553	β = −0.12***	β = − 0.11***	β = 0.013*

Three dietary indices, the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the adjusted-Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Healthy Food Diversity index (HFD-index) were assessed for their correlation with two health measures; body mass index (BMI kg/m²) and Rockwood’s frailty index (FI) [24] via nested linear regression models (adjusting for age, sex and zygosity). p values: p < 0.05*, p < 0.001***