Table 5.

Number of taxonomic associations observed with dietary indices

Taxonomic level	HEI	MDS	HFD-index
OTUs	167	107	13
Genus	16	6	1
Phylum	4	0	0

Number of Qiime de novo derived operational taxonomic units (OTUs), genus and phyla significantly associated with three dietary indices, the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Healthy Food Diversity index (HFD-index). Number of results are those significant post FDR adjustments in linear mixed effects models adjusted for age, BMI, sex and technical microbiota covariates. Full results are included in Additional file 1: Table S7–13