Table 6.
Number of schools | pupils | Adjusted difference at follow-upa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Intervention | Coefficient (95% C.I.) | P value | ICC | |
Intentions to be physically activeb | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 871 | 10 | 842 | |||
7 months | 8 | 623 | 10 | 776 | -0.15 (-0.33 to 0.03) | 0.094 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 569 | 10 | 734 | -0.21 (-0.37 to -0.05) | 0.012 | < 0.001 |
Perceived importance of PAc | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 849 | 10 | 828 | |||
7 months | 8 | 621 | 10 | 768 | -0.42 (-0.66 to -0.18) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 557 | 10 | 729 | -0.13 (-0.41 to 0.15) | 0.350 | < 0.001 |
Attitudes towards being physically actived | |||||
Positive | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 877 | 10 | 863 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 775 | -0.02 (-0.13 to 0.09) | 0.775 | 0.01 |
14 months | 9 | 573 | 10 | 737 | -0.03 (-0.07 to 0.02) | 0.250 | < 0.001 |
Negative | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 877 | 10 | 863 | |||
7 months | 8 | 627 | 10 | 775 | 0.01 (-0.05 to 0.08) | 0.661 | 0.003 |
14 months | 9 | 573 | 10 | 737 | 0.04 (-0.04 to 0.11) | 0.359 | 0.001 |
Whole | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 877 | 10 | 863 | |||
7 months | 8 | 627 | 10 | 775 | -0.02 (-0.10 to 0.06) | 0.667 | 0.01 |
14 months | 9 | 573 | 10 | 737 | -0.03 (-0.08 to 0.02) | 0.267 | < 0.001 |
Social support for PA from familye | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 876 | 10 | 863 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 774 | 0.03 (-0.05 to 0.12) | 0.445 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 571 | 10 | 735 | -0.05 (-0.11 to 0.01) | 0.105 | < 0.001 |
Social support for PA received from peerse | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 874 | 10 | 863 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 773 | -0.01 (-0.12 to 0.10) | 0.880 | 0.01 |
14 months | 9 | 567 | 10 | 734 | 0.01 (-0.07 to 0.09) | 0.762 | 0.01 |
School-based social support for PA | |||||
Physical environmente | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 878 | 10 | 862 | |||
7 months | 8 | 627 | 10 | 773 | 0.03 (-0.10 to 0.15) | 0.684 | 0.03 |
14 months | 9 | 571 | 10 | 734 | -0.13 (-0.24 to -0.01) | 0.032 | 0.04 |
Social environmente | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 878 | 10 | 861 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 773 | -0.01 (-0.10 to 0.07) | 0.758 | 0.026 |
14 months | 9 | 570 | 10 | 734 | -0.07 (-0.15 to 0.01) | 0.080 | 0.009 |
PE teachersf | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 874 | 10 | 859 | |||
7 months | 8 | 624 | 10 | 774 | -0.03 (-0.23 to 0.16) | 0.733 | 0.026 |
14 months | 9 | 567 | 10 | 731 | -0.21 (-0.45 to 0.02) | 0.074 | 0.018 |
Confidence to take part in PA (self-efficacy)d | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 879 | 10 | 853 | |||
7 months | 8 | 625 | 10 | 774 | -0.02 (-0.09 to 0.04) | 0.472 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 568 | 10 | 733 | -0.08 (-0.14 to -0.02) | 0.013 | < 0.001 |
Enjoyment of PAg | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 876 | 10 | 851 | |||
7 months | 8 | 625 | 10 | 772 | -0.03 (-0.14 to 0.08) | 0.592 | 0.140 |
14 months | 9 | 566 | 10 | 731 | -0.04 (-0.12 to 0.04) | 0.361 | < 0.001 |
Motivation to take part in PAg | |||||
Extrinsic | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 877 | 10 | 842 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 771 | -0.02 (-0.11 to 0.07) | 0.680 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 568 | 10 | 735 | -0.01 (-0.15 to 0.13) | 0.919 | 0.009 |
Introjected | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 878 | 10 | 842 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 771 | -0.05 (-0.11 to 0.02) | 0.143 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 568 | 10 | 735 | -0.05 (-0.14 to 0.04) | 0.260 | < 0.001 |
Identified | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 878 | 10 | 842 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 771 | -0.02 (-0.15 to 0.10) | 0.700 | 0.020 |
14 months | 9 | 568 | 10 | 735 | -0.09 (-0.18 to -0.01) | 0.032 | < 0.001 |
Intrinsic | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 878 | 10 | 842 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 771 | -0.01 (-0.18 to 0.18) | 0.990 | 0.028 |
14 months | 9 | 568 | 10 | 735 | -0.06 (-0.16 to -0.04) | 0.243 | 0.002 |
Amotivation | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 877 | 10 | 841 | |||
7 months | 8 | 626 | 10 | 771 | -0.03 (-0.15 to 0.09) | 0.578 | 0.007 |
14 months | 9 | 568 | 10 | 735 | -0.02 (-0.14 to 0.09) | 0.684 | 0.002 |
Physical self-perceptione | |||||
Self-esteem | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 760 | 10 | 700 | |||
7 months | 8 | 622 | 10 | 769 | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.11) | 0.025 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 535 | 10 | 730 | -0.06 (-0.13 to 0.01) | 0.086 | < 0.001 |
Physical self-worth | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 760 | 10 | 699 | |||
7 months | 8 | 622 | 10 | 769 | -0.01 (-0.07 to 0.05) | 0.742 | 0.007 |
14 months | 9 | 535 | 10 | 730 | -0.03 (-0.09 to 0.03) | 0.322 | 0.006 |
Body attractiveness | |||||
Baseline | 10 | 760 | 10 | 699 | |||
7 months | 8 | 622 | 10 | 769 | -0.05 (-0.12 to 0.03) | 0.195 | < 0.001 |
14 months | 9 | 535 | 10 | 730 | 0.02 (-0.05 to 0.08) | 0.630 | < 0.001 |
IQR interquartile range; CI confidence interval; ICC intra-class correlation; PA physical activity
aBased on a complete case analysis, adjusted difference at follow-up between randomised groups with 95% confidence interval, p value and ICC for schools; adjusted for cluster effect, baseline value, participant year group, school %free school meal eligibility and stratification categories (school size and percentage of non-White pupils)
bScore ranges from 1 = ‘very unlikely’ to 7 = ‘very likely’
cScale ranges from 1 = ‘very unimportant’ to 10 = ‘very important’
dScore ranges from 1 = ‘disagree a lot’ to 5 = ‘agree a lot’
eScore ranges from 1 = ‘strongly disagree’ to 5 = ‘strongly agree’
fScore ranges from 1 = ‘strongly disagree’ to’ 7 = ‘strongly agree’
gScore ranges from 1 = ‘no not at all’ to 5 = ‘yes a lot’