Table 5. Semantic category-wise comparative analysis of recall with state-of-the-art CBIR techniques on the Corel-1000 image collection (bold values indicate category-wise best performance).

Semantic categories	Zeng et al. [34]	Douik et al. [20]	Feng et al. [40]	ElAlami et al. [39]	Mehmood et al. [15]	Proposed technique
Africa	14.50	15.20	10.50	16.10	14.61	16.57
Beach	13.04	09.00	08.20	19.30	14.92	13.57
Buildings	14.12	11.80	07.40	19.10	16.05	16.13
Buses	17.84	19.60	09.60	12.60	19.17	19.49
Dinosaurs	20.00	20.00	12.00	10.90	19.59	19.72
Elephants	14.10	12.80	08.10	16.30	17.53	14.00
Flowers	18.96	19.20	10.60	12.90	17.03	20.00
Horses	18.36	18.60	12.00	14.40	17.26	19.48
Mountains	14.45	11.80	06.60	18.60	16.49	14.21
Food	15.76	12.20	08.90	14.80	15.79	18.80
Avg. Recall	16.11	15.00	9.39	16.10	16.84	17.19