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(A) Schematic image showing photoexcitation and deep levels within the forbidden gap in proximity to the surface. hvex, excitation laser; Ec, conduction band; Ev, valence band. (B) PL lifetime in bulk single crystals as a function of SRV for various carrier diffusion coefficients and bulk lifetimes. (C) PL lifetime in polycrystalline thin film or small crystals for various surface recombination velocities.
