Table III.
Pathology.
| Characteristic | Total (%) (n=116) | PPPD (%) (n=116) | SPD (%) (n=116) | P-value, χ2 test or Fisher's exact test |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size of mass (≥2.5 cm) | 49 (42.2) | 19 (44.2) | 30 (41.1) | 0.744 |
| Tumor invasion | 0.569 | |||
| Tis/T1 | 15 (12.9) | 8 (18.6) | 7 (9.6) | |
| T2 | 35 (30.2) | 12 (27.9) | 23 (31.5) | |
| T3 | 37 (31.9) | 11 (25.6) | 26 (35.6) | |
| T4 | 29 (25.0) | 12 (27.9) | 17 (23.2) | |
| Involvement of bile duct | 40 (34.5) | 15 (34.9) | 25 (34.2) | 0.944 |
| Involvement of pancreas | 50 (43.1) | 14 (32.5) | 36 (49.3) | 0.078 |
| Involvement of nerves | 5 (4.3) | 1 (2.3) | 4 (5.4) | 0.737 |
| Lymph node metastasis (yes) | 25 (21.6) | 9 (20.9) | 16 (21.9) | 0.900 |
| Numbers of lymph node metastasis | 0.419 | |||
| 1 | 13 (11.2) | 6 (13.9) | 7 (9.6) | |
| 2 | 7 (6.0) | 3 (6.9) | 4 (5.5) | |
| 3 | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.7) | |
| >3 | 3 (2.6) | 1 (2.3) | 2 (2.7) | |
| Differentiation | 0.699 | |||
| High | 30 (25.9) | 13 (30.2) | 17 (23.3) | |
| Middle-high | 18 (15.5) | 5 (11.6) | 13 (17.8) | |
| Middle | 38 (32.8) | 13 (30.2) | 25 (34.2) | |
| Middle-low | 28 (24.1) | 12 (27.9) | 16 (21.9) | |
| Low | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.7) | |
| TNM stage | 0.699 | |||
| I | 43 (37.1) | 17 (39.5) | 26 (35.6) | |
| II | 43 (37.1) | 14 (32.5) | 29 (39.7) | |
| III | 30 (25.9) | 12 (27.9) | 18 (24.6) | |
| IV | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Data are presented as n (%). PPPD, pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy; SPD, standard pancreaticoduodenectomy; TNM, Tumor-Node-Metastasis.