| T&CM | traditional & complementary medicine |
| CAM | complementary and alternative medicine |
| USDA | United States Department of Agriculture |
| INCA | Étude individuelle nationale des consommations alimentaires |
| ANSES | Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (France) |
| UK | United Kingdom |
| EU | European Union |
| USA | United States of America |
| RCT | randomized clinical trial |
| EC | European Commission |
| EFSA | European Food Safety Authority |
| NVP | nausea and vomiting of pregnancy |
| BW | Body Weight |
| ca. | circa |
| HMPC | Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products |