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. 2018 Apr 2;7(4):67. doi: 10.3390/jcm7040067

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Extraction of histological sections and comparison of the number of axons and myelin in the conduit. (A) Histological sections were obtained from three portions; Portions 1 and 3 are cross-sections, and Portion 2 is a longitudinal section; (B,C) Typical engraftment of human Sk-34 cells stained with HNA (human nuclear antigen, red) in cross- (B) and longitudinal (C) sections; (D,E) Typical staining of axons (D, N200, green), and typical staining of myelin (E, MBP; myelin basic protein, green) E-group; (F,G) Similarly, typical staining of axons (green) in longitudinal sections (Portion 2) both in E-group (F) and NE-group (G); Axonal regeneration is apparent through the conduit in both groups. Blue staining is nuclear staining of 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). P1 and P2 correspond to Portions 1 and 2, respectively. Bars in B-E = 100 μm; (H) Axon numerical recovery in Portions 1 and 3; (I) Myelin numerical recovery in Portions 1 and 3. The E group consistently showed greater recovery of axon and myelin in the conduit than the NE group. NE = non-exercise group, E = exercise group. Gray dotted square shows the mean number of axons in the same portion of a normal control sciatic nerve based on our pooled data. An open dotted square shows the recovery level of the case of conduit + non-cell media injection derived from our pooled data.

Extraction of histological sections and comparison of the number of axons and myelin in the conduit. (A) Histological sections were obtained from three portions; Portions 1 and 3 are cross-sections, and Portion 2 is a longitudinal section; (B,C) Typical engraftment of human Sk-34 cells stained with HNA (human nuclear antigen, red) in cross- (B) and longitudinal (C) sections; (D,E) Typical staining of axons (D, N200, green), and typical staining of myelin (E, MBP; myelin basic protein, green) E-group; (F,G) Similarly, typical staining of axons (green) in longitudinal sections (Portion 2) both in E-group (F) and NE-group (G); Axonal regeneration is apparent through the conduit in both groups. Blue staining is nuclear staining of 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). P1 and P2 correspond to Portions 1 and 2, respectively. Bars in B-E = 100 μm; (H) Axon numerical recovery in Portions 1 and 3; (I) Myelin numerical recovery in Portions 1 and 3. The E group consistently showed greater recovery of axon and myelin in the conduit than the NE group. NE = non-exercise group, E = exercise group. Gray dotted square shows the mean number of axons in the same portion of a normal control sciatic nerve based on our pooled data. An open dotted square shows the recovery level of the case of conduit + non-cell media injection derived from our pooled data.