Figure 8.

Limbic structures of the aged brain are susceptible to increased BBB permeability and reactive gliosis after acute O₃ exposure. A, In the aged dentate gyrus, acute O₃ exposure increased BBB permeability, as determined by FSCN fluorescence, and (B) induces reactive gliosis, or microglia reactivity (neuroinflammation), as determined by Iba-1 fluorescence. C, In the aged hippocampus (CA1 area), acute O₃ exposure increases BBB permeability and (D) induces reactive gliosis. E, In the aged hypothalamus, acute O₃ exposure increases BBB permeability, and (F) induces reactive gliosis. Representative images of FSCN penetration and microglia fluorescence are provided the Supplementary data for each of these structures (n = 6 per group and 3 images per region, **p < .01; ***p < .001 by Student’s t test; all values represent mean ± SEM).