Table 2.
Reported injuries and reported serious injuries (i.e., requiring emergency department visit or hospitalization) by study group (ASD cases vs. general population [POP] controls and non-ASD developmental disorders/delays [DD] controls)
| Reported injuries
|
Reported serious injuries
|
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASD
|
POP
|
DD
|
ASD
|
POP
|
DD
|
|||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Ever injured | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 224 | 32.3 | 267 | 30.2 | 188 | 27.8 | 184 | 26.6 | 218 | 24.7 | 158 | 23.4 |
| No | 469 | 67.7 | 616 | 69.8 | 488 | 72.2 | 509 | 73.4 | 665 | 75.3 | 518 | 76.6 |
| Total | 693 | – | 883 | – | 676 | – | 693 | – | 883 | – | 676 | – |
| Number of times injured | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 182 | 81.3 | 217 | 81.3 | 152 | 80.9 | 157 | 85.3 | 182 | 83.5 | 138 | 87.3 |
| 2 | 35 | 15.6 | 41 | 15.4 | 28 | 14.9 | 21 | 11.4 | 33 | 15.1 | 16 | 10.1 |
| 3+ | 7 | 3.1 | 9 | 3.4 | 8 | 4.3 | 6 | 3.3 | 3 | 1.4 | 4 | 2.5 |
| Total reported injuries | 279 | – | 327 | – | 232 | – | 223 | – | 257 | – | 182 | – |
| Nature of reported injuries | ||||||||||||
| Open wound | 87 | 31.2 | 115 | 35.2 | 70 | 30.2 | 71 | 31.8 | 95 | 37.0 | 60 | 33.0 |
| Fracture | 46 | 16.5 | 57 | 17.4 | 46 | 19.8 | 35 | 15.7 | 42 | 16.3 | 33 | 18.1 |
| Contusion or superficial | 19 | 6.8 | 29 | 8.9 | 11 | 4.7 | 15 | 6.7 | 20 | 7.8 | 7 | 3.8 |
| Dislocation, sprain or strain | 21 | 7.5 | 20 | 6.1 | 10 | 4.3 | 15 | 6.7 | 13 | 5.1 | 7 | 3.8 |
| Internal organ injury | 4 | 1.4 | 11 | 3.4 | 10 | 4.3 | 4 | 1.8 | 6 | 2.3 | 6 | 3.3 |
| Burn | 6 | 2.2 | 9 | 2.8 | 5 | 2.2 | 5 | 2.2 | 8 | 3.1 | 5 | 2.7 |
| Other specifieda | 19 | 6.8 | 15 | 4.6 | 14 | 6.0 | 15 | 6.7 | 14 | 5.4 | 12 | 6.6 |
| Unspecified injury | 77 | 27.6 | 71 | 21.7 | 66 | 28.4 | 63 | 28.3 | 59 | 23.0 | 52 | 28.6 |
| Region of reported injuries | ||||||||||||
| Head other than TBI | 138 | 49.5 | 172 | 52.6 | 124 | 53.4 | 108 | 48.4 | 138 | 53.7 | 102 | 56.0 |
| Upper extremity | 59 | 21.1 | 73 | 22.3 | 51 | 22.0 | 46 | 20.6 | 53 | 20.6 | 39 | 21.4 |
| Lower extremity | 31 | 11.1 | 32 | 9.8 | 22 | 9.5 | 27 | 12.1 | 24 | 9.3 | 16 | 8.8 |
| Traumatic brain injury (TBI) | 5 | 1.8 | 8 | 2.4 | 5 | 2.2 | 4 | 1.8 | 7 | 2.7 | 5 | 2.7 |
| Other specifiedb | 12 | 4.3 | 14 | 4.3 | 6 | 2.6 | 11 | 4.9 | 13 | 5.1 | 6 | 3.3 |
| Unspecified | 34 | 12.2 | 28 | 8.6 | 24 | 10.3 | 27 | 12.1 | 22 | 8.6 | 14 | 7.7 |
| Mechanism of reported injuries | ||||||||||||
| Fall | 61 | 21.9 | 73 | 22.3 | 63 | 27.2 | 51 | 22.9 | 62 | 24.1 | 50 | 27.5 |
| Other specified, classifiablec | 19 | 6.8 | 19 | 5.8 | 17 | 7.3 | 14 | 6.3 | 18 | 7.0 | 13 | 7.1 |
| Struck by or against object or person | 12 | 4.3 | 17 | 5.2 | 17 | 7.3 | 8 | 3.6 | 13 | 5.1 | 15 | 8.2 |
| Fire/flame/hot object or substance/smoke | 4 | 1.4 | 12 | 3.7 | 11 | 4.7 | 4 | 1.8 | 7 | 2.7 | 7 | 3.8 |
| Natural/environment | 5 | 1.8 | 5 | 1.5 | 3 | 1.3 | 3 | 1.3 | 3 | 1.2 | 3 | 1.6 |
| Other specifiedd | 9 | 3.2 | 9 | 2.8 | 6 | 2.6 | 8 | 3.6 | 8 | 3.1 | 6 | 3.3 |
| Unspecified | 169 | 60.6 | 192 | 58.7 | 115 | 49.6 | 135 | 60.5 | 146 | 56.8 | 88 | 48.4 |
Other specified injury natures included: crushing; effects of foreign body entering orifice; other effects of external causes; poisoning by drugs, medications, biological substances; toxic effects of substances—nonmedicinal; and multiple injuries
Other specified injury regions included: neck, spinal cord, thorax, abdomen, abdomen lower, multiple body regions, and system wide
The category “Other Specified, Classifiable” includes exposure to various specified inanimate mechanical forces such as explosion and rupture of boiler, gas cylinder or pressurized tire; discharge of firework, or foreign body entering eye or other orifice; and exposure to electric current or radiation
Other specified injury mechanisms combined here due to small numbers included: cut/pierce, motor vehicle crash, poisoning, pedal cycling not involving motorized vehicle, suffocation, and other specified not classifiable