Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Median [IQR] or N (%)
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Immediate ART (n= 291) | Deferred ART (n= 301) | Total (n= 592) |
|
|
|||
| Age (years) | 33 [27 - 42] | 35 [28 - 44] | 34 [27 - 42] |
| Female (%) | 27 (9.3%) | 40 (13.3%) | 67 (11.3%) |
| Race (%) | |||
| Black | 38 (13.1%) | 52 (17.3%) | 90 (15.2%) |
| Latino/Hispanic | 49 (16.8%) | 47 (15.6%) | 96 (16.2%) |
| Asian | 45 (15.5%) | 50 (16.6%) | 95 (16.0%) |
| White | 140 (48.1%) | 140 (46.5%) | 280 (47.3%) |
| Other | 19 (6.5%) | 12 (4.0%) | 31 (5.2%) |
| Highest formal training (%) | |||
| No formal training | 58 (19.9%) | 63 (20.9%) | 121 (20.4%) |
| Vocational training, completed | 72 (24.7%) | 73 (24.3%) | 145 (24.5%) |
| Some college or university | 73 (25.1%) | 69 (22.9%) | 142 (24.0%) |
| Bachelor’s degree or equivalent | 65 (22.3%) | 71 (23.6%) | 136 (23.0%) |
| Master’s degree or higher | 23 (7.9%) | 25 (8.3%) | 48 (8.1%) |
| Currently employed (%) | 231 (79.4%) | 221 (73.4%) | 452 (76.4%) |
| Urban residence (%) | 253 (86.9%) | 266 (88.4%) | 519 (87.7%) |
| Country of enrollment (%) | |||
| United Kingdom/Australia | 33 (11.3%) | 33 (11.0%) | 66 (11.1%) |
| European countries1 | 47 (16.2%) | 55 (18.3%) | 102 (17.2%) |
| United States | 42 (14.4%) | 45 (15.0%) | 87 (14.7%) |
| Thailand | 42 (14.4%) | 47 (15.6%) | 89 (15.0%) |
| Brazil | 85 (29.2%) | 80 (26.6%) | 165 (27.9%) |
| Argentina/Chile | 42 (14.4%) | 41 (13.6%) | 83 (14.0%) |
| Time since HIV diagnosis (years) | 0.8 [0.2 - 2.5] | 0.9 [0.3 - 2.5] | 0.9 [0.3 - 2.5] |
| Likely mode of HIV infection (%) | |||
| Injection drug use | 4 (1.4%) | 1 (0.3%) | 5 (0.8%) |
| Male sexual contact, same sex | 222 (76.3%) | 220 (73.1%) | 442 (74.7%) |
| Sexual contact, opposite sex | 53 (18.2%) | 62 (20.6%) | 115 (19.4%) |
| Other/unknown | 12 (4.1%) | 18 (6.0%) | 30 (5.1%) |
| CD4 (cells/μL) | 632 [578 - 745] | 628 [570 - 735] | 629 [575 - 741] |
| Nadir CD4 (cells/ μL) | 535 [466 - 626] | 534 [473 - 638] | 535 [471 - 631] |
| CD4:CD8 ratio | 0.64 [0.46 - 0.84] | 0.63 [0.47 - 0.85] | 0.64 [0.47 - 0.84] |
| HIV RNA (copies/mL) | 18126 [5260 - 46700] | 13317 [3609 - 41357] | 15441 [4595 - 44700] |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.8 [21.5 - 26.7] | 23.7 [21.8 - 27.0] | 23.8 [21.6 - 26.8] |
| Prior CVD diagnosis2 (%) | 5 (1.7%) | 3 (1.0%) | 8 (1.4%) |
| Framingham 10-year risk of CHD | 1.7 [0.5 - 4.6] | 2.0 [0.6 - 4.9] | 1.8 [0.5 - 4.7] |
| Hepatitis B or C (%) | 21 (7.3%) | 16 (5.3%) | 37 (6.3%) |
| Alcoholism/other substance dependence (%) | 15 (5.2%) | 16 (5.3%) | 31 (5.2%) |
| Psychiatric diagnosis3 (%) | 28 (9.6%) | 21 (7.0%) | 49 (8.3%) |
| CES-D score4 | 10 [5 - 17] | 10 [5 - 19] | 10 [5 - 18] |
| CES-D score4 ≥ 16 (%) | 86 (31.6%) | 92 (31.9%) | 178 (31.8%) |
| GDS5 | 1 [0 - 2] | 1 [0 - 3] | 1 [0 - 3] |
| Mild impairment6 (%) | 50 (17.2%) | 67 (22.3%) | 117 (19.8%) |
| Moderate impairment6 (%) | 7 (2.4%) | 9 (3.0%) | 16 (2.7%) |
| CPE score7, pre-specified ART regimen | 7 [7 - 8] | 7 [7 - 8] | 7 [7 - 8] |
1
Germany, Italy, Belgium, and Switzerland.
2
History of myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary revascularization.
3
Major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder.
4
Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, ≥16 denotes depression.
5
Global Deficit Score, average of deficit scores over 8 tests, where the deficit score for an individual test is defined by its z-scores, 0 for z≥-1, 1 for -1 > z ≥1.5, 2 for -1.5 > z ≥ -2.0, 3 for -2.0 > z ≥ -2.5, 4 for -2.5 > z ≥ -3.0, 5 for z <-3.0.
6
Z-scores below -1 (for mild impairment) or below -2 (for moderate impairment) for 2 or more of the 6 tested domains.
7
Central nervous system penetration efficacy score