Table 1.
Study population characteristics.
| Overall n=17394 |
HbA1c < 42 mmol/mol n=2294 |
42 ≤ HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol n=2628 |
48 ≤ HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol n=3180 |
53 ≤ HbA1c < 64 mmol/mol n=4533 |
64 ≤ HbA1c < 75 mmol/mol n=2423 |
HbA1c ≥ 75 mmol/mol n=2336 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean years (SD) | 63.7 (8.1) | 64.0 (7.9) | 64.5 (8.2) | 64.7 (8.1) | 64.2 (7.8) | 63.1 (7.9) | 60.4 (8.1) | <.0001 |
| Male, n (%) | 16742 (96.3) | 2202 (96.0) | 2518 (95.8) | 3068 (96.5) | 4385 (96.7) | 2342 (96.7) | 2227 (95.3) | 0.04 |
| Race, n (%) | <.0001 | |||||||
| White | 12950 (74.5) | 1749 (76.2) | 2035 (77.4) | 2368 (74.5) | 3424 (75.5) | 1763 (72.8) | 1611 (69.0) | |
| Black | 3121 (17.9) | 391 (17.0) | 397 (15.1) | 572 (18.0) | 757 (16.7) | 454 (18.7) | 550 (23.5) | |
| Asian | 996 (5.7) | 110 (4.8) | 151 (5.7) | 187 (5.9) | 272 (6.0) | 152 (6.3) | 124 (5.3) | |
| Pacific Islander | 186 (1.1) | 24 (1.0) | 27 (1.0) | 36 (1.1) | 38 (0.8) | 33 (1.4) | 28 (1.2) | |
| Native American | 141 (0.8) | 20 (0.9) | 18 (0.7) | 17 (0.5) | 42 (0.9) | 21 (0.9) | 23 (1.0) | |
| CAD severity, n (%) | 0.0007 | |||||||
| No CAD | 2919 (16.8) | 365 (15.9) | 489 (18.6) | 575 (18.1) | 723 (15.9) | 363 (15.0) | 404 (17.3) | |
| Non-obstructive CAD | 3874 (22.3) | 473 (20.6) | 584 (22.2) | 749 (23.6) | 1016 (22.4) | 544 (22.5) | 508 (21.7) | |
| Obstructive CAD | 10601 (60.9) | 1456 (63.5) | 1555 (59.2) | 1856 (58.4) | 2794 (61.6) | 1516 (62.6) | 1424 (61.0) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Baseline HbA1c, mean mmol/mol (SD) | 58 (12) | 38 (2) | 44 (1) | 50 (1) | 57 (2) | 68 (2) | 90 (12) | <.0001 |
| HbA1c during follow-up, mean mmol/mol (SD) | 58 (13) | 42 (5) | 48 (10) | 53 (15) | 60 (7) | 66 (9) | 77 (13) | <.0001 |
| Diabetes duration (years), mean (SD) | 4.1 (2.5) | 3.6 (2.4) | 3.5 (2.4) | 3.8 (2.5) | 4.4 (2.5) | 4.6 (2.5) | 4.5 (2.5) | <.0001 |
| Number of HbA1c measurements, mean (SD) | 5.1 (2.5) | 4.5 (2.4) | 4.5 (2.1) | 4.7 (2.2) | 5.3 (2.5) | 5.7 (2.6) | 5.9 (2.9) | <.0001 |
| Diabetes medications, n (%) | <.0001 | |||||||
| None | 3369 (19.4) | 706 (30.8) | 771 (29.3) | 601 (18.9) | 638 (14.1) | 357 (14.7) | 296 (12.7) | |
| Orals only | 12497 (71.8) | 1470 (64.1) | 1732 (65.9) | 2399 (75.4) | 3491 (77.0) | 1742 (71.9) | 1663 (71.2) | |
| Insulin | 1528 (8.8) | 118 (5.1) | 125 (4.8) | 180 (5.7) | 404 (8.9) | 324 (13.4) | 377 (16.1) | |
HbA1c=glycosylated hemoglobin; CAD=coronary artery disease; SD=standard deviation