Table 2.
Characteristics of the cohorts and cases for each of the 11 study outcomes
| Bone-related conditions | Hypertension | Peptic ulcer | Severe infections | Herpes zoster | DM2 | Cataract | Glaucoma | CKD | Affective disorders | Cardiovascular events | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort analysis | |||||||||||
| Individuals at cohort entry, n | 219,174 | 223,940 | 267,569 | 244,207 | 262,847 | 262,304 | 265,964 | 269,368 | 267,138 | 165,900 | 260,995 |
| Individuals with cohort entry on 1 January 2000, n | 40,484 | 37,250 | 46,439 | 44,621 | 46,016 | 46,046 | 46,324 | 46,892 | 47,549 | 30,722 | 44,549 |
| Individuals with cohort entry after 1 January 2000, n | 178,690 | 186,690 | 221,130 | 199,586 | 216,831 | 216,258 | 219,640 | 222,476 | 219,589 | 135,178 | 216,446 |
| Cases, n | 8927 | 8162 | 836 | 16,192 | 4175 | 5195 | 5356 | 1473 | 8825 | 4965 | 4028 |
| Total follow-up time, py | 682,398 | 653,565 | 850,874 | 744,410 | 824,689 | 820,055 | 830,289 | 854,208 | 825,108 | 525,577 | 816,959 |
| Nested case-control analysis | |||||||||||
| Casesa, n | 8907 | 8148 | 835 | 16 160b 2748c |
4163 | 5189 | 5327 | 1467 | 8778 | 4962 | 4014 |
| Controls, n | 35,445 | 32,431 | 3328 | 64,316b 10839c |
16,605 | 20,715 | 21,019 | 5832 | 34,762 | 19,809 | 15,945 |
| Mean age of cases, years (SD) | 54.3 (+/− 19.6) | 58.9 (+/− 12.9) | 63.1 (+/− 16.7) | 51.8 (+/− 19.7)b 58.6 (+/− 20.8)c |
57.3 (+/− 17.5) | 58.1 (+/− 15.3) | 72.7 (+/− 10.9) | 68.0 (+/− 13.0) | 71.3 (+/− 12.0) | 40.8 (+/− 16.7) | 67.4 (+/− 12.4) |
| Females among cases, % | 69.1 | 57.4 | 60.2 | 67.7b 64.6c |
66.0 | 60.1 | 68.9 | 62.9 | 73.1 | 62.2 | 53.0 |
Abbreviations: CKD chronic kidney disease, DM2 diabetes mellitus type 2, py person-years, SD standard deviation
aCases from the cohort analysis that could be matched to at least 1 control on the index date, duration of follow-up (+/− 2 years), year of birth (+/− 2 years), sex, and duration of history on the database (+/− 0 years)
bMain analysis
cSensitivity analysis restricted to patients with integrated hospital episode statistics linkage