Figure 1.

DSC thermograms of lipid bilayers in the presence (A–D) or in the absence of EmrE (E–H). All proteoliposomes were prepared at a lipid:protein mole ratio of 100:1. For clarity, the TPP⁺-bound thermogram data (dotted lines) are offset by 1 kJ•mol⁻¹•K⁻¹ in panel A and 2 kJ•mol⁻¹•K⁻¹ in panels B–D from the EmrE data in the absence of TPP⁺ (solid lines). Heating and cooling scans for data in panels A–D are shown in Figure S1. The main phase transition is narrower and/or more homogeneous for 13:0-PC and 14:0-PC upon the addition of TPP⁺. Note that the presence of TPP⁺ to liposome only samples did not influence the broadness as we previously observed for 14:0-PC bilayers.⁵