Table 2.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of castration-resistant prostate cancer patients, stratified by clinical trial participation
| Overall (n = 299) |
Clinical trial | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants (n = 65) |
Non-participants (n = 234) |
p | ||
| Age | 66.5 (61.0–71.8) | 65.0 (62.0–71.0) | 67.0 (61.0–72.0) | 0.384 |
| Body mass index | 23.1 (20.9–24.7) | 22.9 (21.3–24.7) | 23.4 (21.2–25.1) | 0.345 |
| Laboratory valuesa | ||||
| PSA (ng/mL) | 69.2 (15.0–182.0) | 25.8 (9.6–73.6) | 88.4 (18.0–247.3) | 0.005 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.0 (10.7–13.0) | 12.4 (11.7–13.3) | 11.9 (10.4–12.9) | 0.514 |
| Albumin (U/L) | 4.0 (3.7–4.4) | 4.3 (4.0–4.5) | 4.0 (3.7–4.3) | 0.001 |
| ALP (U/L) | 109.0 (70.0–209.0) | 88.0 (67.0–133.5) | 118 (71.0–221.5) | 0.070 |
| WBC count (× 109/L) | 5.8 (4.8–7.3) | 5.8 (4.7–7.3) | 5.8 (4.9–7.3) | 0.919 |
| T stage | 0.764 | |||
| ≤ T2 | 187 (62.5%) | 42 (64.7%) | 145 (61.9%) | |
| ≥ T3 | 112 (37.5%) | 23 (35.3%) | 89 (38.1%) | |
| N stage | 0.491 | |||
| N0 | 127 (42.5%) | 30 (46.2%) | 97 (41.5%) | |
| N1 | 172 (57.5%) | 35 (53.8%) | 137 (58.5%) | |
| M stage | 1.000 | |||
| M0 | 73 (24.4%) | 15 (23.1%) | 58 (24.8%) | |
| M1 | 226 (75.6%) | 50 (76.9%) | 176 (75.2%) | |
| Metastatic site | ||||
| Bone | 166 (55.5%) | 37 (57.0%) | 129 (55.1%) | 0.856 |
| Visceral | 8 (2.7%) | 8 (12.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.215 |
| Lymph node | 142 (47.5%) | 26 (40.0%) | 116 (49.6%) | 0.116 |
| Gleason score | 0.267 | |||
| ≤ 7 | 156 (52.2%) | 30 (46.2%) | 126 (53.8%) | |
| ≥ 8 | 143 (47.8%) | 35 (53.8%) | 108 (46.2%) | |
| CCI | 0.780 | |||
| ≤ 1 | 142 (%) | 32 (49.2%) | 110 (47.0%) | |
| ≥ 2 | 157 (%) | 33 (50.8%) | 124 (53.0%) | |
| ECOG PS | 0.033 | |||
| ≤ 1 | 261 (87.3%) | 62 (95.4%) | 199 (85.1%) | |
| ≥ 2 | 38 (12.7%) | 3 (4.6%) | 35 (14.9%) | |
| Primary treatmentb | ||||
| Prostatectomy | 149 (49.8%) | 47 (72.3%) | 102 (43.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Radiation therapy | 33 (11.0%) | 10 (15.4%) | 23 (9.8%) | 0.261 |
Data are presented as the median (interquartile range) or number (%)
aAt diagnosis of castration-resistant prostate cancer
bNumber of primary treatment does not sum to 299 patients due to the existence of men who did not receive any local treatment with curative intent
Abbreviations: ALP alkaline phosphatase, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, PSA prostate-specific antigen, WBC white blood cell