Table 1. Targeted therapies for gastric cancer.
| Trial | Target | Agent | OS benefit |
|---|---|---|---|
| ToGA | HER2 | trastuzumab | Yes, 1st line, fluoropyrimidine + cisplatinum +/-trastuzumab, 13.8 vs 11.1 months |
| EXPAND | EGFR | cetuximab | No |
| REAL-3 | EGFR | panitumumab | No |
| TyTAN | EGFR/HER2 | lapatinib | No, 2nd line |
| AVAGAST | VEGF | bevacizumab | No, Yes, in non-Asian patients |
|
REGARD RAINBOW |
VEGFR-2 | ramucirumab |
Yes, 2nd line, ramucirumab vs BSC in advanced GC, 5.2 vs 3.8 months Yes, 2nd line, paclitaxel +/− ramucirumab, 9.6 vs 7.4 months |
| GRANITE-1 | mTOR | everolimus | No, 2nd line |
|
1b KEYNOTE-012 phase I study |
PD-1 | pembrolizumab | Ongoing; manageable toxicity profile and promising antitumor activity |
|
ONO-4538-12 phase III study |
PD-1 | nivolumab | Ongoing; improved survival in previously treated advanced GC (median OS 5.32 months vs 4.14 with placebo) |
OS benefit - overall survival benefit, HER2 - human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2, EGFR - epidermal growth factor receptor, VEGF - vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGFR-2 - vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, mTOR - mammalian target of rapamycin.