Table 1.
Selected characteristics of CHD cases and controls
| Mean (SD) or %* | Controls (n=974) | Cases † (n=931) |
| Baseline characteristics | ||
| Age, years | 60.9 (10.1) | 62.9 (6.8) |
| Sex, female, % | 299 (30.7) | 289 (31.0) |
| Current smoker, % | 190 (19.5) | 392 (42.1) |
| Hypertension, % | 222 (22.8) | 482 (51.8) |
| Diabetes, % | 15 (1.5) | 149 (16.0) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.7 (4.0) | 28.5 (4.7) |
| Statin use, % | 0 (0) | 624 (67.0) |
| Aspirin use, % | 74 (7.6) | 702 (75.4) |
| Lipids and biomarkers of inflammation | ||
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.3 (0.8) | 2.8 (0.8) |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.3) |
| Triglycerides*, mmol/L | 1.45 (1.40 to 1.50) | 1.88 (1.81 to 1.94) |
| Fibrinogen, g/L | 3.8 (0.9) | 4.3 (1.0) |
| Cystatin C*, mg/L | 0.76 (0.75 to 0.76) | 0.85 (0.84 to 0.87) |
| CRP*, g/L | 1.35 (1.26 to 1.45) | 2.10 (1.95 to 2.26) |
| Cytokines | ||
| IL-6*, pg/mL | 0.61 (0.59 to 0.64) | 1.03 (0.98 to 1.08) |
| IL-5*, pg/mL | 0.17 (0.17 to 0.18) | 0.21 (0.20 to 0.23) |
| IFN-γ*, pg/mL | 1.03 (0.97 to 1.09) | 1.16 (1.10 to 1.22) |
| TNF-α*, pg/mL | 6.64 (6.45 to 6.82) | 7.18 (6.95 to 7.42) |
| IL-6R*, pg/mL | 818.94 (805.35 to 832.77) | 817.99 (802.91 to 833.36) |
*Geometric means and 95% CIs were used for biomarkers that were not normally distributed.
†Among the 931 CHD cases, 651 had an MI, 334 had a coronary artery bypass operation and 205 had a coronary angioplasty (some had more than one diagnosis).
CHD, coronary heart disease; CRP, C reactive protein; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; IL, interleukin; IL-6R, IL-6 receptor; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI, myocardial infarction; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-alpha.