Fig. 1.

Treatment with PPARγ inhibitors reduced osteonecrotic changes and osteonecrosis incidence. a Histopathological observations. Normal bone tissue and typical osteonecrosis were observed in the normal group and the model group, respectively. In the model group, diffuse osteocytes in the trabeculae exhibited empty lacunae or pyknotic nuclei. In the BADGE group, slight osteonecrosis and fewer empty lacunae were observed. b A reduced osteonecrosis incidence was observed in the BADGE group compared with the model group (P < 0.05). c The rate of empty lacunae in the BADGE group was significantly reduced compared with the model group, and the significance was statistically significant (P < 0.05,n = 5). *P < 0.05 versus normal group; #P < 0.05 versus model group