Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of study population and regression estimates of having depression.
| Variable | N (%)/Mean (SD) | Model 1: Total Population | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | t | 95% CI | |||
| 1. Demographics | |||||
| Male | 1793 | (48.1%) | 0.73 * | −2.20 | (0.55, 0.97) |
| Age | 69.04 | (8.86) | 1.01 | 1.54 | (1.00, 1.03) |
| Education level: | |||||
| Primary school or less | 2470 | (66.3%) | - | ||
| Junior High school | 423 | (11.3%) | 0.73 | −1.65 | (0.50, 1.06) |
| Senior High school | 620 | (16.6%) | 0.96 | −0.21 | (0.69, 1.35) |
| College | 215 | (5.8%) | 1.19 | 0.60 | (0.67, 2.14) |
| Income satisfaction | 3.21 | (0.93) | 0.49 *** | −10.75 | (0.43, 0.56) |
| Partner | 2545 | (68.3%) | 0.56 *** | −4.26 | (0.43, 0.73) |
| 2. Substance use | |||||
| Cigarettes | 501 | (13.4%) | 0.83 | −0.94 | (0.56, 1.22) |
| Alcohol | 1093 | (29.3%) | 0.67 * | −2.59 | (0.49, 0.91) |
| 3. Health status | |||||
| Chronic diseases: | |||||
| Hypertension | 1694 | (45.4%) | 1.60 *** | 3.56 | (1.23, 2.07) |
| Diabetes | 730 | (19.6%) | 1.50 ** | 2.82 | (1.13, 1.99) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 701 | (18.8%) | 1.70 *** | 3.64 | (1.28, 2.26) |
| BMI | 24.25 | (3.52) | 0.93 *** | −3.82 | (0.90, 0.97) |
| 4. Health behavior | |||||
| Leisure activity diversity (Range: 0–12) |
5.01 | (2.34) | 0.81 *** | −5.64 | (0.76, 0.87) |
| Total exercise time (minute/week) |
162.93 | (166.65) | 0.99 ** | −3.19 | (0.99, 0.99) |
|
5. Depression (Range: 0–30; cutoff: 8) |
|||||
| Yes | 721 | (20.9%) | |||
| 13.64 | (5.09) | ||||
| No | 2725 | (79.1%) | |||
| 2.10 | (2.22) | ||||
| N = 3727 | |||||
* p <0.05; ** p <0.01; *** p <0.001. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.