Table 5.
Multivariate associations with support (agree/totally agree) for the policy statements in the sample of never- and ex-smokers (n = 1476).
| Banning Sale of Tobacco | Raising Legal Age of Sale from 18 to 21 | Taxing Tobacco Industry Sales | Assessing Effectiveness and Safety of E-Cigarettes | Banning Smoking in Cars When Minors Are Present | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, 10-year units a | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 1.04 (0.98–1.12) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) * | 0.92 (0.85–0.98) * |
| Sex | |||||
| Female (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 0.83 (0.65–1.10) | 0.82 (0.66–1.02) | 0.79 (0.62–1.00) | 0.95 (0.75–1.20) | 1.02 (0.79–1.31) |
| Education † | |||||
| High school equiv. (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Advanced technical college equiv. | 1.55 (0.95–2.53) | 1.14 (0.72–1.81) | 0.93 (0.56–1.53) | 1.13 (0.70–1.84) | 1.30 (0.74–2.29) |
| Secondary school equiv. | 1.20 (0.86–1.66) | 1.20 (0.88–1.60) | 0.82 (0.59–1.13) | 0.84 (0.61–1.14) | 0.90 (0.64–1.27) |
| Junior high school equiv. | 1.25 (0.87–1.79) | 1.21 (0.87–1.68) | 0.66 (0.46–0.94) * | 0.87 (0.61–1.23) | 0.97 (0.66–1.42) |
| No qualification | 0.61 (0.19–1.98) | 1.18 (0.43–3.25) | 0.84 (0.26–2.74) | 0.20 (0.10–0.68) * | 0.64 (0.21–1.96) |
| Household income | |||||
| €>5000/per month (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| €4000–5000/per month | 1.00 (0.53–1.88) | 1.16 (0.65–2.07) | 0.88 (0.46–1.69) | 1.44 (0.80–2.61) | 0.81 (0.41–1.60) |
| €3000–4000/per month | 0.72 (0.42–1.23) | 1.00 (0.61–1.57) | 0.66 (0.39–1.12) | 1.24 (0.77–2.01) | 0.75 (0.43–1.31) |
| €2000–3000/per month | 1.17 (0.71–1.93) | 1.15 (0.72–1.82) | 0.62 (0.37–1.04) | 1.35 (0.85–2.16) | 0.82 (0.48–1.41) |
| €1000–2000/per month | 1.34 (0.82–2.21) | 1.23 (0.77–1.94) | 0.84 (0.50–1.41) | 1.60 (1.00–2.56) | 0.96 (0.56–1.67) |
| <€1000/per month | 1.64 (0.91–2.94) | 1.84 (1.10–3.18) | 1.23 (0.65–2.33) | 2.38 (1.31–4.32) ** | 1.76 (0.86–3.60) |
Data are presented as adjusted OR (95% confidence interval around OR). * p <0.05; ** p <0.01; a continuous variable, † German equivalents to education levels listed in table from highest to lowest: high school equivalent = “Allgemeine Hochschulreife”, advanced technical college equivalent = “Fachhochschulreife”, secondary school equivalent = “Realschulabschluss”, junior high school equivalent = “Hauptschulabschluss”. Age units are based on DEBRA study participation eligibility (14 and older): 14–23; 24–33; 34–43; 44–53; 54–63; 64–73; 74–83; 84–93; 94–103.