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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2018 Feb 6;106(6):1476–1487. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.36350

Figure 5. Mechanisms of pECM-enhanced Cytotrophoblast Invasion.

Figure 5

(a) Effect of pECM on the Expressions of MMP2 of Cytotrophoblasts. The HMW-pECM increased the expressions of MMP2 significantly compared to LMW-pECM and control with no pECM. The MMP2 expressions for HMW-pECM was lower than that of complete pECM with no significant differences. LMW-pECM did not have a significant impact on the MMP2 expression (n=3). The addition of pECM significantly increased the MMP2 gene expression compared to control. However, the effect of pECM was completely removed when PI3K was inhibited with no significant differences with the control (n=3). (b) Effect of pECM on the Expressions of MMP9 of Cytotrophoblasts. The HMW-pECM increased the expressions of MMP9 significantly compared to LMW-pECM. However, the magnitude of HMW-pECM’s impact on MMP9 was substantially lower than that of complete pECM with significant differences. On the other hand, LMW-pECM does not change MMP9 expressions significantly compared to control (n=3). Moreover, the treatment of pECM increased the MMP9 gene expression compared to control (0 mg pECM/mL) but again the effect was completely removed when PI3K inhibitor added with no significant differences with the control (n=3).