Immediate word recall by BDNF rs6265 genotype (n = 7,331). Error bars represent standard error; M = male, F = female. Higher scores (i.e., more words recalled) are desired. Among the oldest males, Val/Val and Met/Met outperformed Val/Met individuals (p < 0.01). As the Val/Val genotype is associated with the highest BDNF and DA availability and thus Val/Val individuals were expected to perform best, these data partially support initial predictions. Contrasts did not indicate effects in females or in the younger age groups.