Table 2.
Trends among calcium-containing supplement users of mean supplemental calcium intake (mg/day) (95% CI): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2014
| 1999–2000 | 2001–2002 | 2003–2004 | 2005–2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009–2010 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2014 | p-quadratic trend* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=1,510 | N=1,795 | N=2,139 | N=2,022 | N=2,285 | N=2,393 | N=1,992 | N=2,091 | ||
| Overall | 348 (313, 383) |
355 (336, 375) |
380 (343, 418) |
351 (330, 373) |
397 (364, 430) |
376 (358, 395) |
364 (339, 390) |
360 (342, 377) |
<0.001 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Women | 417 (375, 460) |
448 (424, 472) |
466 (419, 513) |
450 (422, 477) |
503 (445, 561) |
478 (453, 504) |
442 (412, 473) |
461 (428, 495) |
0.04 |
| Men | 252 (219, 286) |
221 (198, 244) |
275 (241, 309) |
225 (203, 247) |
251 (222, 280) |
248 (222, 274) |
257 (231, 283) |
235 (221, 249) |
0.69 |
| Race/Ethnicity† | |||||||||
| Non-Hispanic Whites | 364 (324, 405) |
373 (352, 394) |
403 (359, 447) |
366 (338, 394) |
417 (376, 457) |
396 (374, 417) |
377 (346, 409) |
375 (355, 394) |
0.08 |
| Non-Hispanic Blacks | 273 (212, 334) |
248 (210, 287) |
266 (218, 314) |
285 (225, 344) |
295 (241, 349) |
339 (284, 393) |
307 (266, 348) |
304 (257, 351) |
0.63 |
| Hispanics | 254 (172, 336) |
335 (287, 383) |
321 (235, 407) |
255 (153, 358) |
331 (267, 394) |
312 (261, 363) |
343 (275, 412) |
257 (203, 310) |
0.15 |
| Mexican Americans | 300 (283, 317) |
247 (203, 291) |
283 (250, 317) |
295 (261, 328) |
264 (225, 303) |
277 (243, 311) |
271 (212, 330) |
252 (218, 286) |
0.49 |
| Asian Americans‡ | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 393 (322, 465) |
367 (307, 427) |
n/a |
| Age | |||||||||
| 20–40y | 273 (228, 318) |
221 (190, 252) |
251 (222, 281) |
220 (190, 251) |
261 (209, 314) |
231 (213, 250) |
248 (228, 269) |
223 (197, 249) |
0.69 |
| 41–50y | 354 (307, 401) |
351 (283, 419) |
374 (296, 453) |
326 (266, 386) |
296 (242, 350) |
280 (225, 336) |
327 (268, 386) |
298 (255, 341) |
0.60 |
| 51–60y | 370 (333, 408) |
483 (434, 531) |
390 (344, 436) |
395 (325, 464) |
482 (418, 546) |
502 (430, 574) |
351 (282, 421) |
375 (328, 421) |
0.007 |
| 61–70y | 454 (378, 530) |
424 (393, 454) |
524 (451, 597) |
521 (437, 605) |
555 (468, 642) |
497 (436, 558) |
494 (416, 571) |
495 (430, 560) |
0.07 |
| >70y | 399 (348, 449) |
438 (388, 487) |
532 (485, 580) |
487 (440, 533) |
533 (470, 596) |
493 (443, 541) |
506 (458, 555) |
498 (471, 526) |
0.003 |
*
P-value from linear regression by modeling survey period using quadratic term and as a continuous variable (year*year)
†
Individuals self-identified their race and whether they were of Hispanic origin (i.e. Mexican American, other Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, other race – including multi-racial). Those who reported other race – including multi-racial are reported in the total population but not separately
‡
Starting in 2011–12, non-Hispanic Asians were also oversampled and included as a new race/ethnicity response