Table 1.
Patient demographics and characteristics by sex
| Factor | Level | Female (n = 210) N (%) |
Male (n = 3285) N (%) |
P-valueA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrolment (years) | Mean | 36.4 | 40.7 | <0.0001 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 34.1 (30.0–42.8) | 39.5 (33.3–46.9) | ||
| Mode of exposure | MSM | n/a | 2586 (79) | <0.0001 |
| Heterosexual | 154 (73) | 191 (6) | ||
| IDU | 18 (9) | 183 (6) | ||
| Blood product/other | 32 (15) | 289 (9) | ||
| Unknown | 6 (3) | 36 (1) | ||
| Country of birth | Australia | 174 (83) | 2994 (91) | <0.0001 |
| Asia–Pacific | 19 (9) | 85 (3) | ||
| Americas | 3 (1) | 39 (1) | ||
| Africa | 6 (3) | 22 (1) | ||
| Europe | 8 (4) | 145 (4) | ||
| Patient care setting | General practice | 53 (25) | 1240 (38) | 0.001 |
| Hospital | 53 (25) | 733 (22) | ||
| Sexual health clinic | 104 (50) | 1312 (40) | ||
| Year of cohort enrolment | 1999–2004 | 135 (64) | 2235 (68) | 0.26 |
| 2005–2012 | 75 (36) | 1050 (32) | ||
| Hepatitis B surface antigen | Positive | 10 (5) | 138 (4) | 0.17 |
| Negative | 175 (83) | 2593 (79) | ||
| Not tested | 25 (12) | 554 (17) | ||
| Hepatitis C antibody | Positive | 33 (16) | 349 (11) | 0.01 |
| Negative | 164 (78) | 2580 (79) | ||
| Not tested | 13 (6) | 356 (11) | ||
| AIDS illness at cohort enrolment | Yes | 32 (15) | 714 (22) | 0.03 |
| No | 178 (85) | 2571 (78) | ||
| Year of ART | 1996–2004 | 127 (60) | 2216 (67) | 0.11 |
| 2005–2011 | 53 (25) | 675 (21) | ||
| ART naïve | 30 (15) | 394 (12) | ||
| Initial ART anchor agent | NNRTI | 76 (36) | 1173 (36) | 0.71 |
| [2 N(t)RTI + _ ] | PI | 89 (42) | 1344 (41) | |
| II/other | 15 (7) | 374 (11) | ||
| ART naïve | 30 (14) | 394 (12) | ||
| Number of ART regimen changes since initiation | Mean | 5.02 | 4.99 | 0.94 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 3 (2–7) | 4 (2–7) | ||
| Total treatment interruption time (%) | Mean | 11.5 | 9.9 | 0.29 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 0.2 (0.1–12.3) | 0.1 (0–10.6) | ||
| CD4 cell count (cells µL−1) | ||||
| Nadir | Mean | 277 | 274 | 0.86 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 257 (170–356) | 250 (132–377) | ||
| CD4 at ART initiation | Mean | 337 | 345 | 0.72 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 285 (190–420) | 310 (170–475) | ||
| CD4 at enrolment | Mean | 494 | 508 | 0.50 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 480 (294–666) | 470 (315–660) | ||
| Recent CD4 | Mean | 620 | 576 | 0.05 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 584 (375–810) | 550 (380–740) | ||
| Plasma viral load (copies mL−1) | ||||
| Peak pVL | Mean | 177 337 | 283 201 | <0.0001 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 46 350 (8690–132519) | 100 000 (26 800–306 472) | ||
| pVL at ART initiation | Mean | 75 757 | 147 152 | 0.006 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 4295 (400–60 511) | 14 665 (500–100 000) | ||
| pVL at enrolment | Mean | 22 666 | 32609 | 0.64 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 399 (50–5830) | 399 (50–8000) | ||
| Recent pVL | Mean | 10 711 | 21 971 | 0.94 |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 40 (39–125) | 49 (39–119) |
MSM, men who have sex with men; n/a, not applicable; IDU, injecting drug use; ART, antiretroviral therapy; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; pVL, plasma viral load
A
Categorical factor: two-tailed χ2 test significant at the α = 0.05 level; Continuous factor: Analysis of Variance.