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. 2018 Apr 23;9:401. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00401

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Copyright © 2018 Lucini, Solaro and Pagani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Panel plot of estimated density curves* of six selected adjusted ANS proxies (i.e., RR Mean, RR TP, RR LFnu, RR HFnu, ΔRRLFnu, α index, and SAP Mean). Gray regions represent reference bands for equality between the curves of each test group against the normal group (N).*Density estimates are obtained through the kernel density method by Bowman and Azzalini (1997). Roughly speaking, histogram of each adjusted ANS proxy is interpolated in order to have a smoothed empirical density curve. Colors in each panel: the black curve refers to the normal group (reference group); the red curve concerns a specific test group (Athlete, Obese, Stress, Hypertensive, HT-Obese, or HT-Stress, resp.) regarded for the comparison with the normal group. The gray region is a reference band for equality between the two curves. Panels with significant results include p-values and significance codes: 0.001^†††, 0.01^††, 0.05^†.