Table 2.
Blood parameters at baseline and 72‐h postintervention
| All (n = 20) | Placebo group (n = 10) | Vitamin D group (n = 10) | Overall effect of time (pre to post) | Condition (vitamin D supplement vs. placebo)‐by‐time (pre to post) interaction | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preintervention | Postintervention | Preintervention | Postintervention | Preintervention | Postintervention | P Value | P Value | |
| Fasting glucose (mmol·L−1) | 5.23 ± 0.83 | 5.09 ± 0.96 | 5.02 ± 0.83 | 4.74 ± 0.60 | 5.43 ± 0.94 | 5.44 ± 1.14 | 0.410 | 0.393 |
| Fasting insulin (mU·L−1) | 8.45 ± 5.30 | 8.88 ± 5.67 | 8.37 ± 4.55 | 8.84 ± 5.52 | 8.53 ± 6.24 | 8.91 ± 6.11 | 0.510 | 0.946 |
| Glucose AUC (mmol·h−1·L−1) | 829 ± 110 | 786 ± 139 a | 802 ± 108 | 717 ± 114 a | 855 ± 110 | 857 ± 130 | 0.043 | 0.035 |
| Insulin AUC (mU·h−1·L−1) | 8101 ± 4755 | 7024 ± 4489 a | 7629 ± 5059 | 5846 ± 4175 | 8572 ± 4653 | 8201 ± 4694 | 0.049 | 0.099 |
| ISIMatsuda | 8.15 ± 7.73 | 12.35 ± 16.31 | 8.55 ± 7.74 | 16.49 ± 20.67 | 7.76 ± 8.12 | 8.21 ± 9.79 | 0.087 | 0.124 |
| HOMA‐IR | 2.06 ± 1.53 | 2.14 ± 1.64 | 1.90 ± 1.04 | 1.91 ± 1.23 | 2.23 ± 1.95 | 2.37 ± 2.01 | 0.676 | 0.737 |
| Adiponectin (μg·mL−1) | 8.4 ± 4.5 | 7.1 ± 4.0 a | 9.8 ± 5.8 | 8.3 ± 4.8 | 6.9 ± 2.3 | 6.0 ± 2.8 | 0.004 | 0.484 |
| Leptin (ng·mL−1) | 20.3 ± 16.4 | 20.0 ± 14.9 | 24.8 ± 19.7 | 23.7 ± 17.8 | 15.8 ± 11.5 | 16.2 ± 10.9 | 0.799 | 0.571 |
| Cholesterol (mmol·L−1) | 4.89 ± 0.91 | 4.93 ± 0.75 | 4.92 ± 1.14 | 5.11 ± 0.98 | 4.86 ± 0.68 | 4.75 ± 0.40 | 0.809 | 0.329 |
| Triglycerides (mmol·L−1) | 1.93 ± 1.06 | 1.72 ± 1.04 a | 2.16 ± 1.31 | 1.87 ± 1.32 | 1.71 ± 0.73 | 1.57 ± 0.71 | 0.025 | 0.443 |
| HDL‐cholesterol (mmol·L−1) | 1.21 ± 0.28 | 1.22 ± 0.33 | 1.28 ± 0.30 | 1.32 ± 0.41 | 1.15 ± 0.25 | 1.13 ± 0.20 | 0.749 | 0.390 |
| LDL‐cholesterol (mmol·L−1) | 2.80 ± 0.97 | 2.92 ± 0.80 | 2.66 ± 1.21 | 2.94 ± 1.06 | 2.93 ± 0.70 | 2.91 ± 0.48 | 0.384 | 0.999 |
Data are presented as means ± SD.
a
Denotes a significant difference from preintervention; P < 0.05.