Table 2.
Various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) developed against ZIKV, capable of broader neutralization; inhibition/enhancement of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE).
| Species from which mAb developed | Name of mAb | Domain of flavivirus involved in mAb binding | Special notes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BALB/c mice | D11 | NS1 | ZIKV specific and negligible cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses | https://thenativeantigencompany.com/product/mouse-anti-zika-virus-ns1-antibody-d11/(116) |
| Mice | ZV-67 | lateral ridge | Neutralize African, Asian, and American strainsPassively transferred antibody protects mice from infection | Zhao et al. (117) |
| ZV-54 | ||||
| ZV-48 | DIII (C–C′ loop) | |||
| ZV-64 | ||||
| ZV-2 | DIII (ABDE sheet) | Poor inhibition of ZIKV infection | ||
| ZV-13 | DI-II | Support ADE of DENV | ||
| Human | P1F12 | A unique unidentified conformational epitope | Specific for ZIKV and did not cross-react with DENV | Magnani et al. (118) |
| Z23 and Z3L1 | To tertiary epitopes in envelope protein | No cross-reactivity with DENV1–DENV4 | Wang et al. (119) | |
| Potent ZIKV-specific neutralization in vitro | ||||
| ZikV-117 | DII dimer-dimer interface | Neutralize African, Asian, and American strains | Stettler et al.; Zhao et al. (10, 117) | |
| Prophylactic use | ||||
| ZK2B10 and ZK7C3 | E glycoprotein | IC50 of 0.04 and 0.11 µg/mL, respectively, for each mAb and potently neutralizing mAb | Yu et al. (120) | |
| No detectable cross-reactivity with DENV1 and DENV2 | ||||
| ZKA190 | DIII | Highly potent in ZIKV neutralization | Stettler et al. (10) | |
| No ADE in K562 cells (>1-µg/mL concentration) | ||||
| ZKA230 | Neutralizing-non-E binding | Potentially neutralize ZIKV | ||
| Cause ADE at higher concentrations in K562 cells | ||||
| ZKA64 | DIII | Potentially neutralize ZIKV (IC50 values of 93 ng/mL) | ||
| No ADE in ZIKV infections in K562 cells if more than 1-µg/mL concentration is used | ||||
| ZKA64-LALA | DIII | Complete blocking of ADE effect | ||
| ZKA3 | Envelope Dimer Epitope I/II | Partial neutralization of ZIKV infectivity | ||
| ZKA78 | LALA version of antibody inhibit ADE | |||
| ZKA185 | Envelope Dimer Epitope region (Neutralizing Non-Binder) | Does not react with recombinant envelope protein (E-protein) or EDIII | ||
| ZIKV-116 | E, DIII, and E-FLM. | Neutralize diverse ZIKV strains | Sapparapu et al. (121) | |
| ZIKV-19 | E and E-FLM | Weakly neutralize ZIKV infection | ||
| ZK2B10 and ZK7C3 | E glycoprotein | Strongly neutralize ZIKV, DENV1, and DENV2 | Yu et al. (120) | |
| Therapeutic potential due to 100% protection of mice from lethal ZIKV challenge | ||||
| ZV67 | A strand, the BC loop, the DE loop, and the FG loop | Only ZIKV neutralizing | ||
| ZK8-4 | DI/DII | Poorly neutralizing, derived from a plasmablast B cell on day 4 | ||
| Non-protective in mice | ||||