Figure 2.

Oncogenic deregulation in mitochondrial metabolism. Physiological mitochondrial metabolism is deranged in cancer by several oncogenic signaling (depicted in red). Inhibition of specific mitochondrial enzymes [i.e., succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and fumarate hydratase (FH)] or specific mutation [i.e., isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)] leads to cellular transformation via the generation of oncometabolites. Similarly, oncogenic drivers affect electron transport chain activity and promote increased oxidative stress buffering (e.g., via malic enzyme-ME). Pro-tumorigenic signals are represented in red and anti-tumorigenic in green. Enzymes with a double pro/anti-tumorigenic signal according to the type of tumor (i.e., PGC1 alpha and HIF1α) are represented in orange. The main chemotherapy agents are represented in blue.