Figure 4.

CgYapsins are required to suppress the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Shown is analysis of the indicated cytokines in uninfected and WT– and Cgyps1–11Δ–infected THP-1 macrophages. PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells were either left uninfected or infected with C. glabrata WT and Cgyps1–11Δ mutant for 24 h. Expression of cytokines was evaluated in 100 μl of culture medium using the Multi-Analyte ELISArray kit. Data represent mean ± S.E. (error bars) of 3–4 independent experiments. Statistically significant differences in IL-1β levels between uninfected and C. glabrata–infected and between WT– and Cgyps1–11Δ–infected macrophages are indicated by black and gray asterisks, respectively. **, p < 0.01, ****, p < 0.0001; unpaired two-tailed Student's t test.