Table 5.

Intelligent uses of space examples

Region assignment to denote significance (n=57)	Figure 8,10 (appendix)
- To quote a subject “the important stuff is on the right”; e.g. right-hand column is a ‘thinking space’ - assignment of central column to labs (Figure 8) - upper right for alerting to important data (or data to monitor, figure 10, appendix)
Clustering of like objects for a purpose (n=48)	Figure 8,10 (appendix)
- lab tests to monitor to determine whether a condition is progressing
- grouping labs or studies for ease of finding them, general organization
Clustering of like objects for organization (n=26)	Figure 8
- grouping labs or studies for ease of finding them, general organization
Clustering for sequence, to denote order of importance, priority in a process, etc. (n=10)	Figure 8
- problem list in order of severity
Epistemic action n=7	Figures 7,8
- juxtaposition to facilitate comparison or calculation, e.g., comparison of note with relevant labs - assignment/use of space as a scratchpad “I like sort of having this active space to remind myself while seeing the patient” or “I’ll open this (stickynote) to help myself think”. - use of space as a staging area, juxtaposing items to be viewed in one column with comparison of note in adjacent column, then stacking viewed items separately
Placement of items together to facilitate calculation (epistemic action) n=6	Figure 2, 7
- two subsequent tests to view a trend; e.g. protein above creatinine to facilitate ratio calculation
Left-right layout pattern (orientation - action) (n=29; right-left pattern n=6, others n=8)	Figures 8,9
- index note in the upper left column, with labs in column 2 and reports in column 3. - general left to right trend with the elements required in initial phases of review and notewriting (the task assigned), such as notes, in column 1, labs in column 2 (where they can also easily be juxtaposed with the index note), and studies and planning-related items in column 3.