Table 5.

Multilevel Model Results Predicting Adult Children’s Depressive Symptoms (N = 296 Nested Within 95 Full Families)

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Predictors	B	SE	B	SE	B	SE
Fixed effects
Intercept	21.85***	2.51	20.69***	2.42	20.37***	2.47
Family level characteristics
Race (1 = nonwhite)	−1.52	1.12	−1.49	1.08	−1.62	1.09
Family size	−0.24	0.15	−0.11	0.15	−0.11	0.15
Child level characteristics
Daughter	−0.83	0.44	−0.96*	0.42	−1.03*	0.43
Age	−0.06	0.04	−0.06	0.04	−0.06	0.04
Education	−0.05	0.17	0.05	0.16	0.07	0.16
Married	−1.21*	0.51	−1.23*	0.50	−1.13*	0.50
Employed	−2.00**	0.63	−1.78**	0.61	−1.74**	0.61
Health	−1.17***	0.21	−1.23***	0.21	−1.22***	0.21
Individual dyad relationship quality
Closeness to mother	0.41	0.47	—	—	0.21	0.46
Conflict with mother	1.17	0.65	—	—	0.83	0.66
Perceived maternal favoritism/Disfavoritism (Chose self = 1)
Most emotionally close to mother	—	—	1.62***	0.44	1.62***	0.44
Has greatest conflict with mother	—	—	1.51**	0.55	1.31*	0.58
Random effects
Intercept variance	1.17	0.83	0.94	0.76	1.05	0.78
Residual variance	11.96***	1.19	11.45***	1.14	11.37***	1.14
−2 log-likelihood	1,578.416		1,562.879		1,560.020

*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.