Table 2.
Concentrations of catecholamine metabolites (ng/mL) in plasma (p) and urine (u) (ng/day)
| Plasma
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Day 1
|
Day 8
|
Δ% pHVA | RM ANOVA, time × group | Post hoc | |
| pHVA | pHVA | |||||
| Placebo | 18 | 13.84±6.1 | 14.24±6 | 2.2±6.8 | F3,61 =0.45, P=0.717 | NS |
| Aripiprazole | 18 | 16.73±5.93 | 16.45±5.24 | −1.7±11.6 | ||
| Haloperidol | 11 | 13.51±5.4 | 15.21±4.3 | 12.6±2.4 | ||
| Reserpine | 18 | 15.7±13.4 | 18.5±7.7 | 17.8±41.4 | ||
|
| ||||||
| n | pHIAA | pHIAA | Δ% pHIAA | RM ANOVA, time × group | Post hoc | |
|
| ||||||
| Placebo | 18 | 6.55±3.3 | 7.27±3.7 | 10.1±12.1 | F3,61=1.5, P=0.217 | NS |
| Aripiprazole | 18 | 8.26±4.67 | 7.53±3.77 | −8.8±19.3 | ||
| Haloperidol | 11 | 5.05±1.5 | 5.71±2.6 | 12.9±1.9 | ||
| Reserpine | 16 | 7.2±4.2 | 5.5±2.9 | −23.6±3.3 | ||
|
| ||||||
| n | pMHPG | pMHPG | Δ% pMHPG | RM ANOVA, time × group | Post hoc | |
|
| ||||||
| Placebo | 18 | 5.66±2.23 | 5.55±2.11 | −1.5±2.2 | F3,59=5.95, P=0.001** | NS |
| Aripiprazole | 16 | 4.98±2.86 | 5.58±2.56 | 12.1±10.5 | NS | |
| Haloperidol | 11 | 6.75±3.9 | 6.14±3.5 | −9.1±8.2 | NS | |
| Reserpine | 18 | 4.06±2.14 | 6.3±2.9 | 55.2±35.5 | P=0.001** | |
|
| ||||||
| Urine | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| N |
Day 1
|
Day 8
|
Δ% uHVA | RM ANOVA, time × group | Post hoc | |
| uHVA | uHVA | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Placebo | 18 | 29.07±8.5 | 25.8±9.7 | −11.2±5.3 | F3,61=3.82, P=0.014* | NS |
| Aripiprazole | 18 | 24.67±13.45 | 28.14±11.7 | 14.1±13 | NS | |
| Haloperidol | 11 | 30.9±10.4 | 32.16±10 | 4.1±3.3 | NS | |
| Reserpine | 18 | 24.3±9.2 | 37.98±13.73 | 56.3±40.4 | P<0.001** | |
|
| ||||||
| N | uHIAA | uHIAA | Δ% uHIAA | RM ANOVA, time × group | Post hoc | |
|
| ||||||
| Placebo | 18 | 26.0±9.7 | 23.9±8.9 | −8.1±7.2 | F3,61=0.69, P=0.564 | NS |
| Aripiprazole | 18 | 22.29±12.6 | 23.27±8.5 | 4.4±3.1 | ||
| Haloperidol | 11 | 29.0±15.8 | 21.45±6.9 | −26.1±19.8 | ||
| Reserpine | 18 | 24.48±12.5 | 20.33±8.9 | 16.9±11.3 | ||
|
| ||||||
| N | uVMA | uVMA | Δ% uVMA | RM ANOVA, time × group | Post hoc | |
|
| ||||||
| Placebo | 18 | 20.2±6.8 | 19.4±8.1 | −4.1±2.1 | F3,61=4.59, P=0.006** | NS |
| Aripiprazole | 18 | 19.85±7.7 | 20.1±10.3 | 1.3±2.5 | NS | |
| Haloperidol | 11 | 23.4±8.4 | 21.1±6.6 | −9.8±7.6 | NS | |
| Reserpine | 18 | 16.6±7.4 | 25.5±11.5 | 53.6±42.5 | P=0.006** | |
Notes:
*
P<0.05;
**
P<0.01. Before (day 1) and after the 7-day antidopaminergic intervention (day 8) in the four groups, outlined as means ± SD. The mean extent of concentration change after the medication period relative to day 1 is outlined as Δ% ([{concentration measured on day 8 – concentration measured on day 1}/concentration measured on day 1] ×100).
Abbreviations: HVA, homovanillic acid; RM ANOVA, repeated-measures analysis of variance; HIAA, hydroxyindoleacetic acid; MHPG, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol; VMA, vanillylmandelic acid.